Question

nisoluer YULE CHAPTER 37 EMPLATE: Basic Concept UDENT NAME ONCEPT Mobly and immut: REVIEW MODUL frien forcing Teach the USC Oferuaching about REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER 40 Related Content Underlying Principles Nursing Interventions

Answer 1

Mobility and immobility :-

#. Related content :-

- Mobility can be defined as a person's ability to move around free in his or her environment. It serves many purposes. Bed rest is an intervention in which the client is restricted to bed for therapeutic reasons.

- Patient mobility care to reduce the risk of injury to the client or yourself, you must know and practice proper body mechanics.

- Body Mechanics

Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems to maintain balance, posture, and body alignment used during lifting, bending, moving, and performing activities of daily living. Balance is achieved when a relatively low center of gravity is balanced over a wide base of support

- Principles of Body Mechanics

Equilibrium maintained as long as center of gravity aligns with base of support Facing direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the spine Balanced use of arms & legs reduced risk of back injury. Leverage, rolling. Turning & pivoting requires less work than lifting Less friction = less force needed to move object. Alternating period of rest & activity helps to reduce fatigue and injury.

#. Principles :-

Crutches: 4-point gait (weight bearing)

1. Place right crutch forward a comfortable distance.

2. Shift weight and move left foot forward. Never place foot ahead of crutch that was just moved.

3. Move left crutch forward.

4. Move right foot forward.

5. Repeat steps above

Crutches: 2-point gait (non-weight bearing)

1. Begin in the tripod position, maintain weight on the "unaffected" [weight-bearing] extremity

2. Advance both crutches and the affected extremity [crutches are placed forward 6 - 8 inches]

3. Move the "unaffected" weight-bearing foot/leg forward [beyond the crutches]

4. Advance both crutches, and then the affected extremity

5. Continue sequence making steps of equal length

Crutches: walking up stairs

1. Hold on to rail with on hand and crutches with the other hand

2. step up with the strong (unaffected) leg

3. Bring the "affected" leg and the crutches up, Up with the 'good'"

Crutches: walking down stairs

1. Place the "affected" leg and the crutches down on the step below; support weight by leaning on the crutches

2. Bring the "unaffected" leg down, down with the bad

#. Nursing Interventions :-

- Determine client's mobility status and ability to bear weight per provider's order

- Assess client for the need of a safety belt

- Instruct client to wear shoes with non-slip soles

- Assess client for risk of orthostatic hypotension

- Provide safe environment free of clutter

#. Client Education

- Avoid rapid position changes to prevent orthostatic hypotension

- Inspect rubber tips on device for wear and replace as needed

- Physical therapy consult

#. Correct Sizing and Use of Crutches

- Assess client for correct fit of crutches: 2-3 finger widths between the axilla and top of the crutch

- Position hands on the crutch pads with elbows flexed 30 degrees (DO NOT BEAR WEIGHT ON AXILLA)