Question

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Basic Concept STUDENT NAME CONCEPT Management of Hypermagnesemia REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER Underlying Principles Related Content (E.G., DELEGATION, LEVELS OF PREVENTION, ADVANCE DIRECTIVES) Nursing Interventions WHO? WHEN? WHY? HOW?

Answer 1

Hypermagnesemia.

RELATED CONTENTS

Hyper- Excess.

Magnese - magnesium.

emia- in the blood.

hypermagnesemia is defined as a raised magnesium level in the blood than the normal.

The normal level of magnesium is 1.6 to 2.6 mg/dl.

Whenever the magnesium level exceeds above 2.6 mg/dl in the blood then the condition is called hypermagnesemia.

magnesium is one of the important minerals which is abundantly found in natural plants and vegetables,

Functions of magnesium in the human body.

1. it plays a huge role in storing and transferring energy into the cells of the body.

2. is regulated the functioning of parathyroid hormone which is responsible for maintaining calcium level in the blood.

3. it also helps in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and regulations blood pressure in the human body.

4. It is absorbed in small intestine mainly in sigmoid colon and excreted through kidney.

UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES.

Causes of hypermagnesemia.

1. it is not as common as hypomagnesemia, it usually occurs during the treatment of the hypomagnesemia.

2. During treatment of hypomagnesemia, the body absorbs magnesium quickly and raises its level in the blood that leads to hypermagnesemia.

3. Magnesium containing antacids or laxatives.

laxatives and antacids are rich in magnesium when a patient takes these antacids and laxatives, level of magnesium rises in blood and causes hypermagnesemia.

4. Addison disease.

patient with adrenal insufficiency may not be able to excrete e magnesium from the kidney that leads to hypermagnesemia.

5. Glomerular Infiltration.

It is the condition in which the kidney is unable to excrete waste from the body.

Signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia.

1. Lethargy - patient with hypermagnesemia feels lethargic all the time.

2. Hypertension- the level of magnesium increases in the blood leads to an increase in blood pressure.

3. Arrhythmia- the rhythm of the heart is not maintained properly also the absence of rhythm is found due to an excess level of magnesium in the body.

4. Issues with the gastrointestinal tract.

5. Impairment in breathing.

6. Cardiac arrest may occur due to an excessive level of magnesium in the body.

7. ECG examination shows a wide QRS complex with PR and QT interval prolongation.

NURSING INTERVENTION.

1. Monitor cardiac, gastrointestinal, renal systems along with ECG.

2. ensure the safety of the patient as hypermagnesemia causes lethargy and patient may feel drowsy and can fall from the bed.

3. avoid giving magnesium-containing laxatives and antacids during hypermagnesemia.

4. loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics are given inpatient with hypermagnesemia but it should be avoided in patients with kidney failure.

5. Prepare the patient for dialysis if renal failure occurs.

6. To prevent the patient from hypermagnesemia it is advised to administer intravenous calcium to reverse the effect of hypermagnesemia.

7. Monitor blood magnesium level to check the magnesium level in the body.

8. Inform the physician when magnesium level can't be controlled even after treatment.

9. Avoid giving magnesium-rich food such as peanuts, avocado, orange, legumes, milk, fish, etc