Question

Module &: Following Care Procedures Review Identify five or more important points regarding care of tubes What are the signs of odema? 5. 1. 2 What is dehydration, and how can it be prevented? Explain guidelines for bandaging. 6 3. Describe procedures for measuring intake. 7. Explain guidelines for applying a dressing 4. 8Explain safety precautions for making an occupied bed Describe procedures for measuring output

Answer 1

Ans) 1) Edema: Excessive amount of fluid in the interstitial compartment.

Signs of Edema:

- Swelling or puffiness of the tissue directly under your skin, especially in your legs or arms
- Stretched or shiny skin
- Skin that retains a dimple (pits), after being pressed for several seconds
- Increased abdominal size

2) Dehydration: A significant loss of body fluid that impairs normal bodily functions.

- Prevention:

To prevent dehydration, drink plenty of fluids and eat foods high in water such as fruits and vegetables. Letting thirst be your guide is an adequate daily guideline for most healthy people.

People may need to take in more fluids if they are experiencing conditions such as:

Vomiting or diarrhea- If your child is vomiting or has diarrhea, start giving extra water or an oral rehydration solution at the first signs of illness. Don't wait until dehydration occurs.
Strenuous exercise- In general, it's best to start hydrating the day before strenuous exercise. Producing lots of clear, dilute urine is a good indication that you're well-hydrated. During the activity, replenish fluids at regular intervals and continue drinking water or other fluids after you're finished.
Hot or cold weather- You need to drink additional water in hot or humid weather to help lower your body temperature and to replace what you lose through sweating. You may also need extra water in cold weather to combat moisture loss from dry air, particularly at higher altitudes
Illness- Older adults most commonly become dehydrated during minor illnesses — such as influenza, bronchitis or bladder infections. Make sure to drink extra fluids when you're not feeling well.

3) Measuring intake:

- You will write all intake on the Intake and Output (I and O) card. Most often, it will be kept in the box on the wall by the patient room door. On one side of this card, the title says “24-Hour Intake”. It has 3 sections: 7 a.m.–3 p.m., 3–11 p.m., and 11 p.m.–7 a.m. The left side of the card is for solid food intake. The right side of the card is for liquid intake.

24-hour intake card
Each time your child has a drink, record:

The time,
What kind of liquid your child drank,
The amount offered, and
The amount he actually drank. (You will find the amount of liquid listed on the drink container – can, drink box, bottle, etc.)

4) Measuring output:

- Urine

- Vomitus

- liquid feces

- Drain

These all has to be monitored & recorded in output sheet of paper.