Question

List 1) injury/illness, 2) mechanism of injury, 3) signs/symptoms, and 4) emergency care for each of the following situations:

Respiratory distress/arrest

Cardiac arrest

Hemorrhage (both minor and severe bleeding)

Answer 1

Answer: Respiratory distress: It is a condition in which fluids gets collected in the air sac of the lungs. This causes difficulty in breathing. Increased fluid content in the air sac causes low amount of oxygen in the body whereas increased carbon dioxide. Hence the alveolar sac gets collapsed. The sign and symptoms includes:

• Breathlessness
• Pain while breathing
• Increased cough
• Anxiety.

The emergency treatment includes providing bronchodilaters such as short-acting β2-agonists. Oxygen mask provided.

Cardiac arrest: It is caused due to abnormalities in the artery. It is sudden onset of the attack where heart lost its function. The sign and symptoms includes:

• Unable to breathe properly
• Pain near chest areas
• Sweating
• Fatigue

In the emergency treatment, CPR is performed until a proper supporting system is not available. Provide oxygen.

Hemorrhage: It is caused due to the internal bleeding specially in the brain. It occurs due to clotting of blood which causes blood disruption in thr brain veins. The symptoms include:

• Severe headache
• Paralysis attack
• Fatigue.

Emergency treatment provided in this case it depends upon the location of the hemorrhage. Increasing the oxygen support , blood perfusion.