Question

List 1) injury/illness, 2) mechanism of injury, 3) signs/symptoms, and 4) emergency care for each of the following situations:

Shock

Nose Bleed

Impaled object

Amputation

Injured tooth

Answer 1

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Shock is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow. Lack of blood flow means the cells and organs do not get enough oxygen and nutrients to function properly.

SIGN SYMPTOMS

Depending on the specific cause and type of shock, symptoms will include one or more of the following:

• Anxiety or agitation/restlessness.
• Bluish lips and fingernails.
• Chest pain.
• Confusion.
• Dizziness, lightheadedness, or faintness.
• Pale, cool, clammy skin.
• Low or no urine output.
• Profuse sweating, moist skin.

Call 911

1. Lay the Person Down, if Possible

• Elevate the person's feet about 12 inches unless head, neck, or back is injured or you suspect broken hip or leg bones.
• Do not raise the person's head.
• Turn the person on side if he or she is vomiting or bleeding from the mouth.

2. Begin CPR, if Necessary

If the person is not breathing or breathing seems dangerously weak:

• For a child, start CPR for children.
• For an adult, start adult CPR.
• Continue CPR until help arrives or the person wakes up.

3. Treat Obvious Injuries

4. Keep Person Warm and Comfortable

• Loosen restrictive clothing.
• Cover with coat or blanket.
• Keep the person still. Do not move the person unless there is danger.
• Reassure the person.
• Do not give anything to eat or drink.

5. Follow Up

• At the hospital, the person will be given oxygen and intravenous fluids.
• Blood test, urine tests, heart test and xrays and/or CT scans may be done.
• Other treatment will depend on the cause of shock.

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