Question

please answer the last five questions for me and please type it.

thsnks.

Case Study #1-Tuberculosis Vladimir, age 46 years, has had a persistent unproductive cough for several months that did not respond to cough medications. Recently, he has developed a productive cough accompanied by fatigue, anorexia, and night sweats. Examination in the ER indicated abnormal chest sounds and weight loss. A chest X-ray showed a small cavity and infiltrate 1. Discuss the pathologic changes occurring during the development of active tuberculosis at the cellular level 2. Relate Vlad's signs and symptoms with those normally found in active TB. Remember that signs are an objective, observable evidence of a problem, and symptoms are what the patient says they are experiencing. Identify which of this patient's manifestations are signs and which are symptoms. 3. Discuss the transmission of TB and identify the conditions predisposing to the development of TB 4. List and discuss the common lab tests and diagnostic tools used to diagnose TB. Which one(s) is/are definitive, meaning, unmistakable? 5. Identify and discuss the precautions involved for family friends and health care patient. personnel coming into contact with this 6. List and discuss medications and medication regimens for patients with respiratory TB that the PCP will likely prescribe? Remember the PCP (primary care provider) can be an MD, a nurse practitioner or a physician's assistant. 7. What side effects of medications and teaching will you as a member of the healthcare team teach Vladimir and his family prior to discharge from the hospital? 8. What is DOT therapy and why is it used? 9. Provide at least two authentic patient centered websites that Vladimir can use to inform himself about his infection and how to manage it. 10. Describe at least two things you le arned because of th research you did on this case and how you feelw your future actions in healthcare impact

Answer 1

Q. No. 6. Answer :

Medication and medication regimen for patient with pulmonary tuberculosis :

The primary care provider should be prescribed for four drug regimen, those are

* Isoniazide,

* Rifampicin,

* Pyrazinamide,

* either streptomicin or Ethombutol.

If the patient is susceptible to ethombutol we can discontinue it.

This is the medication regimen for patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Q. No. 7. Answer :

As a health care team we have to teach the patient regarding side effects like

* pain in the lower abdomen,

* nausea and vomiting,

* dark or bright red color urine due to Rifampicin use,

* itching and rashes,

* yellowish skin discoloration,

* tingling and numbness,

* burning sensation in hands and feet,

* fatigue and weakness,

These are we need to educate the client and encourage to take good nutritious diet to avoid these side effects.

Q. No.8 answer :

DOTS THERAPY :

Directly observed treatment short course , this is also known as tuberculosis DOTS, the name is provided by world health organization after the tuberculosis control strategy recommendation,

In these dots therapy we will provide the drugs like Isoniazide, Rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethombutol, like a course for 6 months.

It is used to stop the spread of infectious disease that is tuberculosis, and through cost effective way, by cutting the high incidence of tuberculosis.

Q. No. 9. Answer :

* this tuberculosis is prevent by BCG, vaccination immediately after birth.

* the infectious persons may not expose to secondary smoking and dust.

* use personal protective equipments like mask, to prevent spread of microorganisms.

* it can be prevented by taking good nutritious diet and protein diet.

* Isoniazide is one of the drug to prevent latent tuberculosis progression to active tuberculosis.

* and educate the patient regarding use compulsory drug regimen or DOTS therapy, up to 6 months.

* avoid smoking and exposure to smoke.