Question

Tools M 702 2017 Nov Turtorial letter pdf MIB702 2018 Junt (20) QUESTION 4 / VRAAG 4 You are required to optimize outputs from a brewery Describe how you would assess the facility before describing novel methods you would implement to improve outputs at the facility / Jy word versoek om uitsette van 'n brouery te optimaliseer. Beskryf hoe jy die fasiliteit sal evalueer asook nuwe metodes wat jy sou implementeer om uitsette by die fasiliteit te verbeter. QUESTION 5 / VRAAG 5 [20] State the principles behind the technique used to determine a gene sequence / Noem die beginsels agter die tegniek wat gebruik word om 'n geen volgorde te bepaal. (10) 52 Give an overview of the impacts of microbial biotechnology on the environment / Gee 'n oorsig van die impak van mikrobiese biotegnologie op die omgewing. (10) [20] QUESTION 6 / VRAAG 6 Discuss the importance to microorganisms of changes in their DNA / Bespreek die belangrikheid vir mikroorganismes van veranderings in hulle DNS. QUESTION 7 / VRAAG 7 71 Discuss the principles behind bioremediation / Bespreek die beginsels agter bioremediering. [20] (10) 72 "We are entering the post-antibiotic era" Discuss this statement in terms of current medical practices, economic realities and alternative medical strategies / "Ons is besig om die post-antibiotiese era in te dring". Bespreek hierdie stelling in terme van huidige mediese praktyke, ekonomiese werklikhede en alternatiewe mediese strateglee. (10)

Answer 1

7.1

Bioremediation is a mechanism where toxic waste is removed from the environment with the help of certain living organisms. This will keep pollution at bay in future. Certain microorganisms are used in this technique and depends totally on their capacity to degrade the waste toxic material from the environment. This capacity of the micro organisms could be enhanced by creating optimum growth conditions for them of by using a technique called as GMM, where microorganisms are cultured and altered genetically to meet the optimum requirements of growth. These microorganisms further help in removing toxic components from the environment thus clearing the atmosphere.

Various natural microbes like fungi and bacteria detoxify substance in the natural environment that are toxic to human health into less hazardous compounds. When metabolic activities are conducted in the microorganisms, certain reactions take place which further decompose the contaminated substances in the environment.

Bioaugmentation is one of the processes that comes into picture where microbes are transported to the site of environment where toxic substances are present in order to speed up the degradation. The enzymes that are used during the metabolic activities of the micro organisms are responsible for the conversion of contaminated substances to non toxic forms in the environment. For this, the environment should be favorable for the growth of such microbes.

There are certain limitations of bioremediation as well. Certain pollutants like chlorinated hydrocarbons etc. are resistant to microbial activities and thus cannot be broken into non toxic forms by them.