Question

articulations

II. Articulations A. What characteristics do all joints have in common? B. Types of Joints 1. Use responses from the key to identify the joint types described below. Key: a. cartilaginous typically allows a slight degree of movement (please write-out the word) c. synovial b. fibrous includes joints between the vertebral bodies and the pubic symphysis essentially immovable joints sutures are an example of this joint type characterized by cartilage connecting the articulating bone ends a fibrous articular capsule lined with a membrane surrounding a join cavity all are freely moveable bone regions are united by fibrous connective tissue include the hip, knee, and elbow joints can be amphiarthrotic can be diarthrotic can be synarthrotic 2. Classify the joints below. For all the synovial joints, indicate if it is uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial joint. For cartilaginous and fibrous name the specific type of joint described. cartilaginous b. fibrous c. synovial. by the descriptions as a. joint between skull bones joint between the axis and atlas hip joint intervertebral joints elbow interphalangeal joints ioint between talus and tibia/fibula epiphyseal plate of a child's long bone ioint between forearm bones and wrist 4

Answer 1

Three types of joints:

Fibrous joints:

• They are immovable or slightly movable.
• Bones are attached or fused together by fibrous tissues.
• Hence, are also called fixed joints.

Sub- division includes-

• Gomphoses- immovable- like teeth articulates.
• Syndesmoses- Slightly movable, like middle radio-ulnar joint

Cartilaginous joints:

• These joints are partly movable.
• Joints include fibro or hyaline cartilages.

Sub- division includes-

• Synchondroses- Joined by hyaline cartilages. Not movable or synarthrosis. Like, joint between diaphysis and epiphysis of bone.
• Symphyses- joined by fibrous cartilages. Amphiarthrosis or slightly movable. Like pubic symphysis, joints of vertebral bones.

Synovial joints:

• Freely movable or diarthrosis.
• Helps in activities involving motion.

Sub- division includes-

• Hinge- Uniaxial, one plane movement, flexon- extension type of movenets. Like elbow, ankle, knee joints.
• Saddle- biaxial, joints with opposing articulation surfaces, contain reciprocal surfaces- concave/ convex. Like, Carpo-metacarple joint.
• Plane- non-axial, flat articulation, facilitates gliding movenents. Like, Subtalar joint.
• Pivot- uniaxial, one pivot like structure with other performing circular movement. Like Atlas-axis joint.
• Condyloid- biaxial, ellepsoid joints. Like metatarso-phalangeal joint.
• Ball-socket- multiaxial, cup like socket fitting another ball like head of bone. Like hip and shoulder joint.

Answers:

A. All joints comprises of bony regions or joining regions of bones, which are connected with tissues like fibrous, cartilaginous, connective tissues.

B.

1.

• Cartilaginous
• Cartilaginous
• Fibrous
• Fibrous
• Cartilaginous
• Fibrous
• Synovial
• Fibrous
• Synovial
• Cartilaginous
• Synovial
• Fibrous

2.

• Fibrous
• Synovial- uniaxial
• Synovial- multiaxial
• Cartilaginous
• Synovial- uniaxial
• Synovial- biiaxial
• Synovial- biiaxial
• Cartilaginous
• Synovial- multiaxial