Let n = rs, where r and s are distinct odd primes. Show that there is not a primitive root modulo n.
(Solve through letting L = LCM(r − 1, s − 1). Show that the order of any element of (Z/nZ)∗ is at most L, and that L < φ(n).)
The following way as mentioned above the statement is proved
1) (Z/rsZ) has all elements of order less than (r-1)(s-1)
2) L<phi(n)
Note: If you need help to prove of the mapping to be an isomorphism as provided in the answer let me know.
Hope it helps :-)
Let n = rs, where r and s are distinct odd primes. Show that there is...
N=pq with p,q distinct odd primes. Give an expression for the order of (Z/NZ)x in terms of p and q. Then, give an expression for the maximum order of a single element in (Z/NZ)x in terms of p and q.Why does that imply that there does not exist a primitive root modulo N?
7. Let p and q be distinct odd primes. Let a є Z with god(a, M) = 1. Prove that if there exists b E ZM such that b2 a] in Zp, then there are exactly four distinct [r] E Zp such that Zp
6. Let n be any positive integer which n = pq for distinct odd primes p. q for each i, jE{p, q} Let a be an integer with gcd(n, a) 1 which a 1 (modj) Determine r such that a(n) (mod n) and prove your answer.
8) (Problem 17 (a) on page 49) Let p and q be two distinct primes. Show that for any integer a, pq|(a p+q − a p+1 − a q+1 + a 2 ). Hint: Find the least residue of a p+q − a p+1 − a q+1 + a 2 modulo p, and then find the least residue of a p+q − a p+1 − a q+1 + a 2 modulo q. After that, use the following result: Suppose x,...
9. In Z/31Z, using Proposition 3, find a primitive root modulo 31. Proposition 3. Let a,b be elements of a finite abelian group. If a has order r, and b has order s, and (r, s) = 1, then ab has order rs.
(i) State Sylow's theorems. (ii) Suppose G is a group with IGI pr where p, q and r are distinct primes. Let np, nq and nr, denote, respectively, the number of Sylow p, q- and r-subgroups of G. Show that Hence prove that G is not a simple group. (iii) Prove that a group of order 980 cannot be a simple group.
1. For n-pg, where p and q are distinct odd primes, define (p-1)(q-1) λ(n) gcd(-1-1.411) Suppose that we modify the RSA cryptosystem by requiring that ed 1 mod X(n). a. Prove that encryption and decryption are still inverse operations in this modified cryptosystem. RSA cryptosystem.
I need to answer #3 could be done in only one way, we see that if we take the table for G and rename the identity e, the next element listed a, and the last element b, the resulting table for G must be the same as the one we had for G. As explained in Section 3, this renaming gives an isomorphism of the group G' with the group G. Definition 3.7 defined the notion of isomorphism and of...
Define where S is the collection of all real valued sequences i.e. S = {x : N → R} and we denote xi for the ith element a the sequence x E S. Take for any x EL (i) Show that lic 12 (where recall 1-(x є s i Izel < oo)) (ii) Is l? Prove this or find a counterexample to show that these two sets do not coinside (iii) ls e c loc where recall looー(x є sl...
6. (16 points) Let CE C be a primitive n-th root of unity. Let X = 6 + 1/5. (a) (4 points) Show that Q(5) R = Q(1). (b) (4 points) Let f be the minimal polynomial of over Q. Show that Q(x) is a splitting field of f over Q. (c) (4 points) Show that Gal(Q(^)/Q) – (Z/nZ)* / (-1). (d) (4 points) Find the minimal polynomial of 2 cos(27/9) over Q.