Question

34. Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles is the site of synthesis of membrane proteins and secretory proteins?

 a) rough endoplasmic reticulum b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum c) nucleus d) centrosome e) Golgi complex 

35. Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles modifies, s destined for other regions of the cell? sorts, and packages proteins 

a) endoplasmic reticulum b) Golgi complex c) peroxisomes d) nucleus e) proteasome 

36. Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles contains several oxidases that are involved in oxidation of fatty acids and amino acids during normal metabolism and in detoxification of chemicals like alcohol in the liver? 

a) peroxisomes b) mitochondria c) proteasome d) ribosomes e) lysosomes 

37. Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles can engulf a worn-out organelle, digest its chemical components, and recycle those digested components? 

a) peroxisomes b) mitochondria c) proteasome d) ribosomes e) lysosomes 

38. The major function of mitochondria is to 

a) move the cell b) generate ATP. c) produce proteins. d) oxidize organelles. e) synthesize glycolipids.

Answer 1

34) The correct option is a. rough endoplasmic reticulum.

RER is a network of membrane-enclosed tubules and sacs, which extends from the nuclear membrane throughout the cytoplasm. Protein molecules are synthesized and collected in the cisternal space or lumen. Newly made secretory proteins are localized to the lumen of the rough ER.

35) The correct option is b. Golgi complex.

Golgi complex is membrane-bound organelle of eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations.

36) The correct option is a. peroxisomes.

Peroxisomes are small, membrane-enclosed organelles, which contain enzymes that are involved in a variety of metabolic reactions. They play a key role in the oxidation of specific biomolecules.

37) The correct option is e. lysosomes.

Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles, which contain enzymes that break down all types of biological polymers such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. They act as the waste disposal system of the cell by digesting un-used materials in the cytoplasm from both inside and outside the cell.

38) The correct option is b. generate ATP.

The function of mitochondria is to produce the energy currency of the cell in the form of ATP through the process of respiration.