Question

A Student wants to make multiple copies of a genes that he found in a rare soil bacterium. how would you help him to make many copies of this gene by:

A DNA Cloning

B. PCR

Answer 1

A. DNA Cloning is the process by which multiple copies of a particular part of DNA can be made through a series of steps. In this process the required gene can be cut by restriction endonuclease enzyme and then inserted into a plasmid using ligase. This plasmid can be further introduced in a bacteria that will lead to its replication and as a result multiple copies of the gene are formed.

B. PCR is Polymerase Chain Reaction. In this process three main steps are involved that lead to the formation of several million copies of the required DNA sequence. The gene whose multiple copies are to made, it's 2 DNA strands are separated by heating. Then the process of annealing takes place in which the primers are attached to the required sequence and then the extension using polymerase enzyme takes place.

This leads to the formation of a complementary DNA strand on both the separated strands and as a result 2 new strands of required gene is produced.

This process can be repeated several times to form millions of copies of required gene by the student.