A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich) atmosphere on one side and a...
A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich) atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing (carbon-deficient) atmosphere on the other side at 700℃. If a condition of steady-state is achieved, calculate the diffusion flux of carbon through the plate if the concentrations of carbon at positions of 5 and 10 mm beneath the carburizing surface are 1.2 and 0.8 ??/?^3, respectively. Assume a linear concentration profile and a diffusion coefficient of 3 × 10−11 ?^2/? at this temperature.
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A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich)
atmosphere on one side and a...
A sheet of BCC iron 1.8-mm thick was exposed to a carburizing atmosphere on one side...
A sheet of BCC iron 1.8-mm thick was exposed to a carburizing atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing atmosphere on the other side at 725°C. After having reached steady state, the iron was quickly cooled to room temperature. The carbon concentrations at the two surfaces were determined to be 0.013 and 0.0069 wt%. Calculate the diffusion coefficient if the diffusion flux is 3.8 × 10-8 kg/m2-s, given that the densities of carbon and iron are 2.25 and 7.87 g/cm3,...
Problem 5.10 A sheet of BCC iron 4.9-mm thick was exposed to a carburizing atmosphere on...
Problem 5.10
A sheet of BCC iron 4.9-mm thick was exposed to a carburizing
atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing atmosphere on the other
side at 725°C. After having reached steady state, the iron was
quickly cooled to room temperature. The carbon concentrations at
the two surfaces were determined to be 0.011 and 0.0074 wt%.
Calculate the diffusion coefficient if the diffusion flux is 2.6 ×
10-8 kg/m2-s, given that the densities of
carbon and iron are 2.25 and...
In the carburizing process the steel piece was exposed, at an elevated temperature (900 °C), to...
In the carburizing process the steel piece was exposed, at an elevated temperature (900 °C), to an atmosphere rich in a hydrocarbon gas, such as methane CH Surface concentration of carbon is to be maintained at 1.18 wt%. Determine the time (in hours) necessary to achieve a carbon content of 0 68 wt% at a position 0.8 mm below the surface. Initial carbon concentration is 0 18 wt% Take the diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at 900°C = 1.0...
Q3 3. Determine the composition, in atom percent, of an alloy that consists of 97 wt%...
Q3
3. Determine the composition, in atom percent, of an alloy that consists of 97 wt% aluminum and 3 wt% copper 4. A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich) atmosphere on one side and a decarhurizino (carbon-deficient) atmosphere on the other side at 700 °C (1300 °C). If a
Please show work for problems 1-4 1. Calculate the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminum,...
Please show work for problems 1-4
1. Calculate the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminum, given that the equilibrium number of vacancies at 500°C (773 K) is 7.57 x10m3. The atomic weight and density (at 500°c) for aluminum are 26.98 g/mol and 2.62 g/cm, respectively 2. What point defects are possible for Al,0, as an impurity in Mgo? How many Al ions must be added to form each of these defects? 3. A sheet of steel 4.5 mm thick...
An iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.221wt% Cis exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at...
An iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.221wt% Cis exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1090'C. Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the Surface with the cxygen in the atmosphere; that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentialy at 00 wt% C.At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.166 wt% after a 6 h treatment? The value of D at 1090°C is 5.5x 100/s erfizk erflr) erfiz) 000...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1325 K (1052°C). Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the surface with the oxygen in the atmosphere—that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentially at 0 wt% C. (This process of carbon depletion is termed decarburization.) At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.25 wt% after a 10-h treatment?...
A sheet of steel 2.2 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and...
A sheet of steel 2.2 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6.8 × 10-11 m2/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 2.5 × 10-7 kg/m2-s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 5.1 kg/m3. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will...
A sheet of steel 3.8 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and...
A sheet of steel 3.8 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 5.1 × 10-11 m2/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 4.8 × 10-7 kg/m2-s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 4.7 kg/m3. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will...
A sheet of steel 1.7 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and...
A sheet of steel 1.7 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6.8 x 10-11 m/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.4 x 10 kg/m2-s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 5.5 kg/m. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will...
Problem 5.10
A sheet of BCC iron 4.9-mm thick was exposed to a carburizing
atmosphere on one side and a decarburizing atmosphere on the other
side at 725°C. After having reached steady state, the iron was
quickly cooled to room temperature. The carbon concentrations at
the two surfaces were determined to be 0.011 and 0.0074 wt%.
Calculate the diffusion coefficient if the diffusion flux is 2.6 ×
10-8 kg/m2-s, given that the densities of
carbon and iron are 2.25 and...
In the carburizing process the steel piece was exposed, at an elevated temperature (900 °C), to an atmosphere rich in a hydrocarbon gas, such as methane CH Surface concentration of carbon is to be maintained at 1.18 wt%. Determine the time (in hours) necessary to achieve a carbon content of 0 68 wt% at a position 0.8 mm below the surface. Initial carbon concentration is 0 18 wt% Take the diffusion coefficient for carbon in iron at 900°C = 1.0...
Q3
3. Determine the composition, in atom percent, of an alloy that consists of 97 wt% aluminum and 3 wt% copper 4. A plate of iron is exposed to a carburizing (carbon-rich) atmosphere on one side and a decarhurizino (carbon-deficient) atmosphere on the other side at 700 °C (1300 °C). If a
Please show work for problems 1-4
1. Calculate the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminum, given that the equilibrium number of vacancies at 500°C (773 K) is 7.57 x10m3. The atomic weight and density (at 500°c) for aluminum are 26.98 g/mol and 2.62 g/cm, respectively 2. What point defects are possible for Al,0, as an impurity in Mgo? How many Al ions must be added to form each of these defects? 3. A sheet of steel 4.5 mm thick...
An iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.221wt% Cis exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1090'C. Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the Surface with the cxygen in the atmosphere; that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentialy at 00 wt% C.At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.166 wt% after a 6 h treatment? The value of D at 1090°C is 5.5x 100/s erfizk erflr) erfiz) 000...
2. An FCC iron-carbon alloy initially containing 0.40 wt% C is exposed to an oxygen-rich and virtually carbon-free atmosphere at 1325 K (1052°C). Under these circumstances the carbon diffuses from the alloy and reacts at the surface with the oxygen in the atmosphere—that is, the carbon concentration at the surface position is maintained essentially at 0 wt% C. (This process of carbon depletion is termed decarburization.) At what position will the carbon concentration be 0.25 wt% after a 10-h treatment?...
A sheet of steel 1.7 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200°C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6.8 x 10-11 m/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.4 x 10 kg/m2-s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 5.5 kg/m. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will...
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