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An x-ray absorption spectroscopy study was performed on a prototype Na ion battery. The fully charged material is NaNio.sMno.sO2 and after discharging it changes to Naos NiosMnosO2. (a) Figure 1 shows XANES spectra for the NaNiosMnos02 and Nao.sNiosMno.sO2 materials compared to oxides State with reasons the probable oxidation states of the Ni and Mn cations in these materials. 4 marks) 2.0 Mn K-edge Ni K-edge 1.5 2 1.2 1.0 0.6 g 0.5 0.0 6530 6550 6570 6590 8320 8340 8360 8380 Energy / ev Energy ev Figure 1 The labelling corresponds to (a) NaNiosMnosO2; (b) NaosNio sMnos02, (e) Mn20s (d) Li2MnOs, (e) LiNio2; and (D) Nio.
Mn K-edge Ni K-edge 2 4 R IA RIA Figure 2 The labelling corresponds to (a) NaNiosMnos0,; and (b) NaosNiosMno:0
What determines the amount by which the K-edge energy for Ni is higher than for Mn? Why was this study ne using the K-edge instead of the L-edge? 3 marks]
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