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9. In a free expansion of a perfect gas (also called Joule expansion), we know that...
I'm having trouble understanding the adiabatic expansion of a perfect gas. My book gives the following...
I'm having trouble understanding the adiabatic expansion of a
perfect gas. My book gives the following graph, but I don't
understand how the change in internal energy is 0 for process 1
(going from Ti,Vi to Ti,Vf). Youre expanding the gas-- would that
not require work, ie: loss of internal energy? It's not like heat
can be added to balance this out and keep the internal energy
constant, since this is adiabatic. Why does only the temperature
change (process 2)...
2. Consider free expansion of a gas when the internal energy U remains constant. Derive: a) the e...
2. Consider free expansion of a gas when the internal energy U remains constant. Derive: a) the expression for (дт/avJu in terms of P, T, Cv and (ap/aT)v b) the expression for (as/aV)u in terms of P and T c) using equations obtained in a) and b) calculate (expression for) the change of temperature AT and change of entropy AS for a free gas expansion from Vi to V2.
2. Consider free expansion of a gas when the internal energy...
True or False (Problems 1 through 10) 1. The change in entropy of a closed system...
True or False (Problems 1 through 10) 1. The change in entropy of a closed system is the same for every process between two specified states 2. The entropy of a fixed amount of an incompressible substance increases in every process for which temperature increases 3. A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermodynamics. 4. When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a...
Now consider a more standard process: an isothermal expansion where the gas expands at ?=273K from...
Now consider a more standard process: an isothermal expansion where the gas expands at ?=273K from ?i=1m3 to ?f=2m3. The initial pressure is ?i=1atm. E. In problem 1 of the week 2 written homework, the area under the PV diagram for this process is given by ??B? ln(V2/V1). Use this to compute the work done on the gas during this process. F. Compute the change in Gibbs free energy of the gas during this isothermal expansion. (Hint: How much heat...
Suppose the work done to compress a gas is 100 J. If 70 J of heat...
Suppose the work done to compress a gas is 100 J. If 70 J of heat is lost in the process, what is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Hint: Use the first law of thermodynamics. The internal energy of a system changes due to heat (Q) and work (W): U=Q-W. The change in internal energy is equivalent to the difference between the heat added to the system and the work done by the system. Think if...
1" Law Word Problems 1) An ideal gas is enclosed in a piston, and 1600 J...
1" Law Word Problems 1) An ideal gas is enclosed in a piston, and 1600 J of work is done on the gas. As this happens, the intemal energy of the gas increases by only 500 J. During this process, how much heat flows into or ou of the ideal gas? Enter a positive number to indicate a heat flow into the gas or a negative number to indicate a heat flow out of the gas. 2) A system gains...
The first law of thermodynamics In thermal physics, we are often interested in the internal energy...
The first law of thermodynamics In thermal physics, we are often interested in the internal energy (E) of a system. The wo 41 internal energy of an ideal gas is proportional to the temperature and the number of moles of the gas. The internal energy can change when energy is exchanged with the system's environment (ie., objects that are outside the system of interest). The case above is one in which the internal energy of a gas changes due to...
1. Mark with T (True) or F (False) (2 points each) • A Joule Thompson experiment...
1. Mark with T (True) or F (False) (2 points each) • A Joule Thompson experiment corresponds to a process with constant enthalpy • The state functions (U.H.G.A) act as thermodynamic potentials when represented as functions of their natural variables. • The Gibbs free energy is equal to the maximum PV work done by the system on the envi ronment • The standard enthalpy of formation for any pure element in its reference state is temperature dependent • The phase...
Parts iii) and iv) are the ones I need help with please :) (a) One mole of a monoatomic van der Waals gas obeys the equ...
Parts iii) and iv) are the ones I need help with please :)
(a) One mole of a monoatomic van der Waals gas obeys the equation of state and its internal energy is expressed as U where Cv is the molar apacity of an ideal gas. The gas is initially at pr isochoric heat c essure p and volume V Explain the physical meaning of the parameters a and b in the equation of state of the gas (ii) Write...
A piston containing 0.75 moles of a perfect gas at 25 degrees C is moved isothermally...
A piston containing 0.75 moles of a perfect gas at 25 degrees C
is moved isothermally from a starting volume of 8.305 L.
Calculate the work in joules if the piston is moved irreversibly
against a constant external pressure of 4.100 atm. We weren't
giving final volume so I am unsure of what to do. I tried to use
P1V1 = P2V2 because the final pressure is equal to external
pressure in an irreversible process. But then my final volume...
I'm having trouble understanding the adiabatic expansion of a
perfect gas. My book gives the following graph, but I don't
understand how the change in internal energy is 0 for process 1
(going from Ti,Vi to Ti,Vf). Youre expanding the gas-- would that
not require work, ie: loss of internal energy? It's not like heat
can be added to balance this out and keep the internal energy
constant, since this is adiabatic. Why does only the temperature
change (process 2)...
2. Consider free expansion of a gas when the internal energy U remains constant. Derive: a) the expression for (дт/avJu in terms of P, T, Cv and (ap/aT)v b) the expression for (as/aV)u in terms of P and T c) using equations obtained in a) and b) calculate (expression for) the change of temperature AT and change of entropy AS for a free gas expansion from Vi to V2.
2. Consider free expansion of a gas when the internal energy...
True or False (Problems 1 through 10) 1. The change in entropy of a closed system is the same for every process between two specified states 2. The entropy of a fixed amount of an incompressible substance increases in every process for which temperature increases 3. A process that violates the second law of thermodynamics violates the first law of thermodynamics. 4. When a net amount of work is done on a closed system undergoing an internally reversible process, a...
1" Law Word Problems 1) An ideal gas is enclosed in a piston, and 1600 J of work is done on the gas. As this happens, the intemal energy of the gas increases by only 500 J. During this process, how much heat flows into or ou of the ideal gas? Enter a positive number to indicate a heat flow into the gas or a negative number to indicate a heat flow out of the gas. 2) A system gains...
The first law of thermodynamics In thermal physics, we are often interested in the internal energy (E) of a system. The wo 41 internal energy of an ideal gas is proportional to the temperature and the number of moles of the gas. The internal energy can change when energy is exchanged with the system's environment (ie., objects that are outside the system of interest). The case above is one in which the internal energy of a gas changes due to...
1. Mark with T (True) or F (False) (2 points each) • A Joule Thompson experiment corresponds to a process with constant enthalpy • The state functions (U.H.G.A) act as thermodynamic potentials when represented as functions of their natural variables. • The Gibbs free energy is equal to the maximum PV work done by the system on the envi ronment • The standard enthalpy of formation for any pure element in its reference state is temperature dependent • The phase...
Parts iii) and iv) are the ones I need help with please :)
(a) One mole of a monoatomic van der Waals gas obeys the equation of state and its internal energy is expressed as U where Cv is the molar apacity of an ideal gas. The gas is initially at pr isochoric heat c essure p and volume V Explain the physical meaning of the parameters a and b in the equation of state of the gas (ii) Write...
A piston containing 0.75 moles of a perfect gas at 25 degrees C
is moved isothermally from a starting volume of 8.305 L.
Calculate the work in joules if the piston is moved irreversibly
against a constant external pressure of 4.100 atm. We weren't
giving final volume so I am unsure of what to do. I tried to use
P1V1 = P2V2 because the final pressure is equal to external
pressure in an irreversible process. But then my final volume...
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