1.According to the periodic table, a single (1 exactly) carbon atom has a mass of 12.011 amu. What is the mass of a single carbon atom in grams?
2. How many carbon atoms does it take to equal 12.011 grams? Complete the dimensional analysis set up provided for you (Hint: Your answer to question 1 can help answer this question). (Round to 3 sig figs)
3. According to the periodic table, a single phosphorus atom has a mass of 30.973 amu. What is the mass of a single phosphorus atom in grams? (Hint: similar to question 1)
4. How many phosphorus atoms does it take to equal 30.973 grams? (Hint: similar to question 2). (Round to 3 sig figs)
5. What is the mass (in amu) of one atom of aluminum (Al)?
6. If you had 6.022 x 1023 atoms of aluminum, what mass of aluminum (in g) would you have?
7. The value that you calculated in question 6 is called a molar mass. Using the fact that “molar” is similar to the word “mole,” define the term “molar mass” in your own words.
1) A single carbon atom has a mass of 12.011 amu.
We know, 1 amu = 1.660539040 × 10−24 gram
The mass of a single carbon atom in grams = 12.011 amu × (1.660539040 × 10−24 gram / 1 amu) = 1.992646547 × 10−23 gram
2) For 1.992646547 × 10−23 gram, it takes 1 single carbon atom.
For 12.011 gram, it takes (12.011 gram × 1 carbon atom / 1.992646547 × 10−23 gram) = 6.0221 × 1023 6.022 × 1023 carbon atoms (upto 3 sig figs) .
3) A single phosphorus atom has a mass of 30.973 amu
The mass of a single phosphorus atom in grams = 30.973 amu × (1.660539040 × 10−24 gram / 1 amu) = 5.143187568 × 10-23 grams.
4) The number of phosphorus atoms it takes to equal 30.973 grams = (30.973 gram × 1 phosphorus atom / 5.143187568 × 10-23 gram) = 6.02214 × 1023 6.022 × 1023 phosphorus atoms (upto 3 sig figs) .
5) The mass (in amu) of one atom of aluminum (Al) = 26.98154 amu
6) We have 6.022 x 1023 atoms of aluminum(Al)
The mass of one atom of aluminum (Al) = 26.98154 amu = 26.98154 amu × (1.660539040 × 10−24 gram / 1 amu) = 4.48039 × 10-23 grams.
The mass of 6.022 x 1023 atoms of aluminum (Al) = 6.022 x 1023 atoms of Al × (4.48039 × 10-23 grams / 1 atom of Al) = 26.980 g
7) Molar mass: Molar mass of a compound is defined as the mass of 1 mole of the compound. If we describe the mass in grams then the unit of molar mass will be gram/mole i.e. g.mol-1. 1 mole compound contains 6.022 x 1023 atoms and the mass of 6.022 x 1023 atoms is called the molar mass.
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1.According to the periodic table, a single (1 exactly) carbon atom has a mass of 12.011...
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