Question

1. Draw the Lewis dot diagram and explain how you can use the information to predict the hybridization of central atom in these molecules, the electron geometry (eg) and molecular geometry (mg) of the following molecules.   Predict whether the molecule is going to be polar or nonpolar and give reasoning. You can write it down or explain in a video/audio.

a) An Element (X) from the oxygen group combines with halogen (Z) to give you the formula XZ₄.

b) Sulphur combines with six halogen (Z) atoms to form an expanded octet molecule (SZ₆)

c) A noble gas (Vn) on reaction with the most electronegative element produced a compound with the formula VnY₄.

d) A molecule with an incomplete octet was formed between Boron (B) and Fluorine (F).

Answer 1

a) O is a 16th group element, other 16th group elements are : S, Se, Te, Po. Out of these only S, Se and Te combine with 4 halogens ( they combine with only F of halogens due to its small size) , and thus form SF4 , SeF4 and TeF4 respectively. We can explain their structure, geometry and polarity by taking any one of them.

these are polar molecules because they have polar bonds and structure is not symmetrical .

eg SF4 , Se Fy , Te Fy Lewis dot 9.55 © Hybridization of centuat ator : sed sigma Because central atory has 4 bonds and one Lone pair. : 0 Electronic Beweise Centról stor has 5 regions Geometry : Trigone tipyranital electron density. 0 Molecular Gesodoy. See sow 2 © Polarity: It's polar molecule st n 1 Lesselroney Home ele deconegative story

b) S combines with F of halogen family to form SF6 . Here S violets octet rule because it forms 6 bonds here and hence 12 electrons in its valence shell ( according to octet rule there should be 8 electrons).

it's non polar molecule because dipoles cancel each other as structure is symmetrical.

6) Lewis dot structure: 3D-structure: : S wybridization : 3/2 It has 6 o bonds around central ator) . Molecular Electopnic geomeksy: Odohedral geometry : Octahedral Polarity: Non-polare however Stof bond is polar, but all six bonds are arranged symmetrically around so o around S, so bond dipoles are cancelled

c) the only noble gas that makes compounds with other elements is Xe. It combines with 4 F to form XeF4 ( F is the most electronegative atom)

d) Boron combines with 3 F atoms and thus it has 6 electrons in its valence shell and incomplete octet.

c) Xefy : Lewis dot sti 3D structure: w hybridization : sp3d² (40 bonds & 2 Lone pair) © Electronic geometry : Octahedrest geo metry: Square planar Molenler : Non – polar F however bond polar xet But dipoles concet due to symmetry.

d) BE : Lewis st : F - Ja wybridization : sba (30 bonds around B) : Electronic geometry Mole cetar geomety. Taganat Almer Irigonot planar Polarity : Non - polar (symmetrical molecule)