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A transcription unit that is 8000 nucleotides long results in an active protein consisting of approximately...

A transcription unit that is 8000 nucleotides long results in an active protein consisting of approximately 400 amino acids. Describe two different processes that jointly of separately explain this observation.

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Answer #1

The length of the transcription unit = 8000 nucleotides
Length of protein = 400 amino acids
i.e. the length of the coding sequence = 400 X 3 = 1200 nucleotides

The disparity in the length of the genomic sequence and the coding sequence can be due to two phenomena.
1. The mRNA sequence contains 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR sequences which do not get translated
2. The primary mRNA contains introns which are removed by splicing

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