Question

Phylogeny elom Basal taxa Sister taxa Heterochrony Polytomy Parsimony Orthologous Paralogous Monophyletic Ingroup Paraphyletic Outgroup Polyphyletic Brown Bear Sun Bear Spectacled Bear Giant Panda Red Panda Raccoon Dog 1. Which animal represents the Basal Taxa? Fur Tail 2. What is the best outgroup to use if you are studying the circled group (Giant Panda, Red Panda, Raccoon, and Dogs)? avab lo 3. Who is/are the "sister taxa" for dogs? Ear Structure Snout Structure 4. Which taxon is older - Sun Bears, Spectacled Bears, or Dogs? Cranium Structure basalub HS 5. Shared derived characters are most likely to be found in taxa that are Vertebrae 6. If you want to study pandas - giant pandas, red pandas, and "trash pandas" (raccoons) - and you exclude dogs, what is the term used to describe this grouping?

Answer 1

1) Brown bear represents basal taxa. Because it's the 1st taxa which diverged from the lineage.

2) Spectacled bear is best outgroup. Because the outgroup should be just outside the ingroup , but the distinction should be clear.

3) Racoon is the sister taxa of dogs. Because they share common anscestor.

4) Sun bears are oldest as they diverged earliest of the three. The youngest are the dogs as they originated at latest.

5) Monophyletic group. This is because the Monophyletic group is the one having all descendents and anscestor. So, they share the derived characters.

6) sucha group will be called as Paraphyketic group. In this group all the descendents are not included.

Please Hit thumbsup if I could help you ???