Question

Procedure: Materials: 1. apparatus 2. 2 pieces of metal track 3. plastic or metal ball 4. timer 5. meter stick 6. micrometer 7. 2 photogates Assemble your ramp as shown in Figure (1) in the next page. Then set up photogates in location 2 and 3. Measure the diameter (in m) of the metal balls (you will need it for speed calculations). Then, measure the weight (mass) of the ball (in kg). To have a better measurement of the time, take a video of the total motion. You can check the motion details better in slow motion mode. Check and save the numbers recorded by photogates then mark and record where the ball lands (the range). Photogate 2 Photogate 1 Figure 1 Measure the point heights (HI) and (H3), ramp length (RI) from (1) to (2), and horizontal distances, (R2) from (2) to (3) and (R3) from (3) to (4) respectively. Read Ar, and Ar, using the numbers recorded from the photogates and measure As, with the timer, calculate the practical values of varp and Also calculate the potential energy at (1) (U)where the table surface represents a height of zero After acquiring the measurements calculate the speeds at points (2) and (3). Van and Vs by using equation (1) 5 9

Answer 1

The above problem involves the concept of kinetic energy , potential energy and mechanical energy conservation. A detailed explanation of all the concepts along with all 4 parts is given in below images.

Date: Photogale 2 Photogale 2 Page No.: he 13 4 Ground ke -P 2 from grou 3 from ground at Bebed H = Height of point ound he Height of point Rie length of rump. Roe Horizontal distance b/w 2 & 3 R2 = Horizontal distance b/g 3 & 4. Calculation of Potential energy Point 1. Assuming table surface to be referenu for calcinhas PE Lie. At table surf At table cufare forential Energy (PEI = 07 h be the height of table above 10, ah) PESO at surface th Let h

= 0 d] =1kg where I AL PE at table surface PE at point 1 (U, g) point 1(U, g) = (PE tasle sunfole + mg 1H, -h] ng [H, -27 m= mass of ball can be measured] ga I 9.81 m/s² 3m = n = height of point 1 from ground 1m =cha height of table surf one from ground { can be measured Step 2 Colculation of velocity at point 2 & 3 from point 1 to 2 il would change to kinetic energy, shu BE of table surface is do At point ? Applying conservation of energy 57 the ball slide PE 0. Uig = (KE), I hung [4, -67 2 g V₂ So I've = Pag [n-h

Helacity 03 (4) New Applying consuvation of energy at point (KEE 2 (LE), = (KH), +(PE)z We know (PE)2 = ( PE )2 = 0 Tsince 288 lie sur face] » (KE)2 = (KE) 1 ml = 1 mg et to ble 2 2 V = V₂ = 2 enft 29{4,- h Lg [n, h We con solves the ports Now of the ques tion 1. Height (46) = 40m Civen mass (m) - Ikg Omalkg Let speed before vo ल. hitting ground be Vground- > Havainton? Tolm IT 4

need to apply apply work point of To find Vground we inligy (PE), + KE), To find Vground the need to apply work at / nư% .e.rar mechanical conservation Now this To find ground We need to apply energy at point o so do (1E1+ (KE) = (PEx + (KE), Akuming ground to be reference levek time CPE=0 at ground] (PE) = mg H, = 1(9.811 X 40 (KE), = 1 mv2 = 0 (since 4 = 0 Pela [since point. ues at ground] (KE) - I m Vground x Verased 2 o 2 Putting values in lah (06_9.817x(40) + [0] = ( x' x Ugmine 114

ㅋ 9.81840 ground x 9.41 xho = 2hf 1 m/s fe Uground 28.01m n/e a energy potential The purpose of this lub is to make understand the concept of kinetic energy I the ja hr caver clien between two forms of energis. We are doing this this because conservation of mechanical energy is central to many problems in physics I this concept is of great brochical importance We wont to prove that mechanical It con only be Brons for med from one form to ho lated system Mechanical energy is conserved at all points all points on its bath be either kinetic energy con be transformed to Porential energy or vice versa, but Overall Mech oni cal eneogy DemainConserved. Conserved. energy is thes ana

ma this mechanical conserved. In this proctical system energy would not be completely This is because of the fact that some also being lest as sound. enligy is heal & situation mechanical because it not fully other waste forms of a Se in practical conserved can also be lost in energy as heat & sound 4. According to by petherical s theortical Sitecten it should be like that lie. all APE possessed by ball should be converted to kinetic energy] But cin this practical situation enesgy is also being lest as heat & sound all hrav. potential Energy (UPE) won't be Converted When Kinetic energy

Hope the explanation would be helpful for you.