Question

What are some limitations from the biological, evolutionary, & integrative theory?

Answer 1

Integrative theory:
The integrative theory is limited by the lack of empirical research on the effectiveness and applicability of the expressive arts, narrative, and symbolism in counseling. Also, these approaches are dependent on the use of theoretical integration with fully developed counseling theory for their practical and effective use.
The use of the integrative approaches is limited by their dependence on integration with theory. This is seen as a limitation because many counselors who use these approaches in their work with clients do so exclusive of any counseling theory, relying solely on the concept of client interaction with medium.
Biological theory:-
1- The approach is considered reductionist; complex behaviour, thoughts and emotions are all equally explained by low-level biological mechanisms such as biochemicals and nerve impulses.
2- Biology alone has been unable to explain the phenomenon of consciousness.

3-An extreme biological approach does not account for the wide base of evidence that points to the influence of our environment (e.g. culture and society).
Evolutionary theory :-

The most obviously limitation is the chemistry that explains the origin of the RNA molecule.

Its a very complex molecule that is the keystone of life. If you have it, you can jump to DNA and build the entire web of life. If you don’t have it, the planet is a gravitationally accumulated mass of basic elements and compounds.

RNA is a singularity which we so far, have been unable to look beyond. We can create ribases from simple proteins, but we are a long way off from being able to postulate the environmental conditions and processes that produced RNA.