According to Harari, one of the challenges of our contemporary world is the great difficulty we face when seeking truth. Explain.
Harari is an Israeli historian philosopher and author. He has recently written an extraordinary astute piece “Why Fiction Trumps Truth”.In the opening paragraph Harare says'' many people believe that truth conveys power. If some leaders religiones or ideologies miss represent reality they will eventually lose to more clear sighted rivals.Hence sticking with the truth is the best strategy for gaining power. Unfortunately this is just a comforting truth. In fact truth and power have a far more complicated relationship because in human society power means two very different things.”
Harari begins by distinguishing between power as the ability to manipulate objective realities: to hunt animals, to construct bridges, to cure diseases, to build atom bombs. This kind of power is closely tied to truth. if you believe a false physical theory you won't be able to build an atom bomb..
For Harari this dual nature of power and truth results in the curious facts that we humans know many more fruits than any other animal but we also believe in much more nonsense .According to Harari fiction has some significant advantages over truth in terms of uniting people
First, where the truth is universal, fiction tends to be local. consequently we don't distinguish our tribe from foreigners very well with a story about for example how Yeast causes bread to rise since foreigners might have come to that same conclusion independently. but if you believe that little green gremlins cause bread to rise by their dancing that is almost certainly an idea that foreigners would not have. this false but unique Idea then serves to unite you with and be able to identify your Clan.
The second advantage of fiction over truth has to do with the fact that believing outlandish stories is a reliable signal that one is a member of the group for example if political loyalty is signalled by believing a true story anyone can fake it. but believing ridiculous and outlandish stories exacts greater cost and is therefore a better signal of loyalty. in other words anyone can believe a leader who tells the truth but only true devotees will believe nonsensical things.
Third and most important the truth is often painful and disturbing. if you stick to unalloyed reality few people I will follow you. consider an American presidential candidate who tells the whole truth about the sordid American history. this may be admirable but it isn't variable selection strategy
Harari concludes that as a species humans prefer power to truth. We spend far more time and effort on trying to control the world than on trying to understand it and even when we try to understand it we usually do so in the hope that understanding the world will make it easier to control it. therefore if you dream of a society in which truth reigns supreme and myths are ignored you have little to expect from homo Sapiens
According to Harari, one of the challenges of our contemporary world is the great difficulty we...
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