Question

QUESTION 21 You are involved with the study of a healthcare-associated infection that has spread to 20% of inpatients. The infected patients are exhibiting numerous signs and symptoms associated with an acute infection. As the health care personnel in charge, you provide education to staff regarding the pattern of bacterial growth and infection control. The most rapid increasein cell number occur during stationary growth phase death phase lag phase exponential growth phase

Answer 1

21.Ans. exponential growth phase

Explanation: Bacterial growth phases include lag phase, exponential phase and death phase. In lag phase which is the initial phase in growth curve, there is slow rate of increase in number of bacterial cells. This phase is followed by exponential phase where there is sharp rise in number of bacterial cells i.e. rapid increase in number of bacterial cells. Exponential phase is followed by stationary phase during which there is constant number of bacterial cells ( rate of death is equal rate of bacterial cell division). This phase is followed by death phase where there is decline in number of bacterial cells.

22.Ans. endocytosis

Explanation: Endocytosis is an active process ( involving use of energy) in which the bacterial cells engulf food particles through cell membrane and food is digested inside the cell to get energy for metabolic processes.

23.Ans. attachment and motility

Explanation: Bacterial appendages include flagella and fimbrae. Flagella helps in movement of bacterial cells. Fimbrae are structures involved in attachment on surfaces.

24.Ans. Flagella

Explanation: All Bacterial cells possess flagella without exception. Some bacterial strains possess single flagellum and some strains have multiple flagella. These flagella help in bacterial cell movement.