Question

Table 14.2: The Cranial Nerves CN Name Distribution Type Function Nasal mucosa II Eye III Four extrinsic eye muscles, ciliary muscle, iris, and levator palpebrae superioris muscle Extrinsic eye muscle supe rior oblique IV V Three branches: Ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular Extrinsic eye muscle lateral VI rectus VII VIII IX х Anterior 2/3 of tongue; facial, neck, and scalp muscles; salivary glands lacrimal glands Cochlea and semicircular canals of the inner car Posterior 1/3 of the tongue, pharynx muscles, parotid gland Muscles of the pharynx and epiglottis; smooth muscles of the thoracic wall and GI tract; glands of the GI tract; the heart wall Two parts: a cranial por tion (muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate); a spinal portion to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles XI XII Muscles of the tongue Exercise 14. The Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Answer 1

Cranial nerves
Mnemonic :OOOPTAFAGVAH
I Oflactory
Sensory
-Olfaction i.e sense of smell
- tasting of chocolates and tamarind

II OPTIC
Sensory
- sense of vision
- visual acuity test
- visual field test

III OCCULOMOTOR
Motor
- movement of eyeball
-retraction of eyelid
- test for movement of eyeball

IV PATHETIC (TROCHLEAR)
Motor
- movement of eyeball
- test for movement of eyeball

V TRIGEMINIAL
Mixed
- corneal and conjunctival reflex
- muscles of mastications
- clenching of teeth for masseter muscle

VI ABDUCENS
Motor
- movement of eyeball
- test for movement of eyeball

VII FACIAL
Mixed
- sense of taste from anterior two third of tongue
-motor to facial muscle
- test for muscles of facial expression

VIII AUDITARY
Sensory
- hearing and equilibrium
- Rinnes test

IX GLOSSOPHRYNGEAL
Mixed
- sense of touch from posterior one third of tongue
- motor to pharyngeal muscle

X VAGUS
Mixed
- sense of taste from posterior most part of tongue
- carriers sympathetic fibres for viscera

XI ACCESSORY SPINAL
Motor
- motor to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle
- shrugging of shoulder against resistance

XII HYPOGLOSSAL
Motor
- motor to muscles of tongue