Question

The nurse, caring for a patient diagnosed with Parkinson disease, knows that the tremors and rigidity are due to: Select all that apply.

Group of answer choices

Dysarthria.

An increase in norepinephrine.

A decrease in dopamine.

Formation of amyloid plaque.

An increase in cholinergic.

Answer 1

Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive disease caused due to degeneration of nerve fibres in the basal ganglia and the substantia nigra.

In the given question the choices for the symptoms like tremor and muscle rigidity should be associated with the following options: Decrease in the Dopamine level (and ) Increase in the cholinergic.

Cardinal symptoms are mainly caused by the imbalance in the dopamine level due to degeneration of the neurons which secrete dopamine. This leads to the overtake of the function by the Acetylcholine. Which leads to the excitement of the motor functions and the production of symptoms such as RIGIDITY and TREMOR.

In medical treatment we can use anticholinergic in some patients.

The other options like:

Dysarthria:it is a symptom by itself of Parkinson's disease which is also caused by the decrease in the level of dopamine. Which leads to the impairment in the motor function of the muscles of face and mouth which leads to difficulty in speech.

Amyloid body: The deposition of amyloid body i.e. deposition of misdolded protein also cause pathology of Parkinson's disease. Due to these Lewy bodies the symptom of DEMENTIA occurs in the Parkinson's disease patients.

Increase in norepinephrine: there is no increase in the norepinephrine level in Parkinson's disease patients. There is always DECREASE in the norepinephrine has been found in the brain along with dopamine.

so in the given question there is always imbalance between dopamine and Ach for the symptoms like tremors and rigidity.