Question

SONO puring the initias eventually les if the bact from infla 33. What is an exotowin? For a Exotowin: what do the A m en? b. A component: C. B component: 34. When Clostridium botulinum ends up in honey, the bacteria are in a solution. This solution will cause the bacteria to undergo In response to this stress, the bacteria initiate in order to form an endospore. During this process, he DNA is replicated, partitioned to one pole of the bacterium and surround by a double membrane leading to development of the The cytoplasm becomes dehydrated producing the . A thick peptidoglycan layer is synthesized around it making the . The _made typically of protein surrounds the final structure before it is released from the cell. When environmental conditions are permissive, the endospore will undergo and resume active metabolism becoming a cell. cortex Forespore aypertonic hypotonic sensitive sporulation coat mother cell gram positive core germination vegetative plasmolysis isotonic daughter dormant gram negative osmotic lysis

Answer 1

33.

A. Exotoxins are toxic chemicals released by a living cell into its surroundings.

B. A for active Component. This component enzymatically inactivates host cell intracellular pathways.
C. B for binding component. This component binds the exotoxins to the receptors present on the host cell surface.

34.

1. Hypertonic (Honey has a high solute concentration).
2. Plasmolysis ( In a hypertonic solution bacterial cell lose water due to exosmosis).
3. Sporulation ( under unfavourable conditions bacteria form spores).

4. Forespore (It is a initial stage of spore formation).

5. Core ( Core of an Endospore contains dehydrated cytoplasm).
6. Cortex (Cortex of Endospore is made up of thick layer of peptidoglycan).

7. Coat (Outermost structure made up of proteins).

8. Mother cell (Endospore is released into the environment from the mother cell).

9. Germination ( Endospore germinates under favourable conditions).

10. Vegetative ( Endospore germinates into fully functional vegetative cell).