Question

Clearly indicate the hybridization of each atom indicated by (*) in: Provide the best description: cis-trans isomers, constitutional isomers, unrelated, identical How many constitutional isomers are there for C_5H_12? Draw these constitutional isomers

Answer 1

Answer:

Note: Hybridization can be explained based on sigma and Pi bonds of the atom The carbon atom having four sigma bonds, Hence SP3 Hybridization CH3 H2C CH2 o Carbon atom having 3 sigma bonds + 1 pi bond Hence SP Hybridization Sp Pi bond Oxygen atom having: 1 sigma bond 2 lone pairs consider as 2 sigma bonds Total 3 sigma bonds 1 pi bond Hence Sp2Hybridization Sp Pi bond Oxygen is the VIA group of element, So it containes 6 valency electrons H3C-CEN Nitrogen atom having 1 sigma bond and 1lone pair of electrons So consider 2 sigma bonds 2 pi bonds Hence 2 sigma2 pi bonds SP Hybridization Nitrogen is the VA group of element, So it containes 5 valency electrons 2) H3CH2C њење CH3 H CH3 Trans Cis Two similar groups (H) are opposite side Two similar groups (H) are same side Constitutional Isomers: The Isomers differ in the C-C connectivity Unrelated This word can be seen in the stereoisomers. If the two isomers spacial orientation is different are the Unrelated Example Diastereomers

ldentical: This word can be seen in stereoisomers If the Isomers spacial orientation is same are called Identical. 3) Constitutional Ilsomers: These are having different C-C connectivity. CSH12 It fallows C2H2n+2 rule, That means it is the Alkane. These are differ in C-C connectivity pentane isopentane neopentane