Question

(200 words minimums) Evaluate the similarities and differences among process and reinforcement motivation theories. (200 words minimums)

Answer 1

The major similarities among process and reinforcement motivation theories is that both tend to identify the various intrinsic factors such as perception, behavior etc of an individual which cause a drive in them to perform leading towards the motivation for a particular thing. The reinforcement theories aims at providing positive and negative stimulus to the individual so that their performance and actions are shaped by their desires or fears which they hold. For example reinforcement theory provides incentives to employee for improving their performance.

Similarly the process theories of motivation such as Operant conditioning or expectancy theory aims at providing various stimulus to the individual which shape their behavior aand thoughts which leads to producing certain reactions. Here just like reinforcement theory, punishment and rewards might also be used to shape the behavior resulting inna desires action. For example in expectancy process theory, an individual is made to believe that certain performance will lead to certain desirable rewards, for which they start shaping their behavior and actions.

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The major differences between the process theory of motivation and Reinforcement theory is that Reinforcement theory aims at controlling or manipulating the actions of individuals through producing certain consequences resulting from a particular set of behavior. This believing that behavior is the result and function of consequences. If a particular behavior leads to a positive consequences, then an individual will be motivated to behave in that particular manner. In other words ot tends to overlook the individualised psychological thoughts or behavioral differences in individuals caused by the situations they are put in.

While as the process theory of motivation aims primarily at psychological processes or behaviours of individuals which aims to find what behavior exactly motivates a person to act in a particular setting whether business or personal life situations. For example the Herzberg's Theory of Motivation is one such process theory which focuses on classifying the behavior of an individual into two major categories of demarcation based on situation or environment they are put in , (positive or negative) which a manager must take into consideration while formulating policies for its employees. For example poor working environment will motivate an employee to leave the organization.

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