Homework Answers
Answer=28b.
Difference between the cellular RNA molecules as follows: There are mainly three types of cellular RNA namely mRNA or messenger RNA,tRNA and rRNA.
| mRNA | tRNA | rRNA |
| 1.mRNA is a subtype of RNA molecule which carries a portion of the DNA code to other parts of the cell for processing. | tRNA molecule is small RNA molecule, which is clover-leaf shaped and transfers a specific amino acid in the cytoplasm to the ribosome. | rRNA molecule is a component of the ribosome and serves as the organelle of the translation. |
| 2.Shape - Linear in shape | Clover-leaf shaped molecule | Sphere shaped molecule |
| 3.Base content- Consists of codons | consists of anticodons | lacks codons or anticodon sequences. |
| 4.Size - is typically 400 to 12000 nt in mammals. | size is 76 to 90 nt | size can be either 30S,40S,50S and 60S. |
| 5.Place of synthesis - Nucleus | .Place of synthesis - Nucleus | .Place of synthesis - Nucleolus |
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29 a.The enzyme which attaches an amino acid to ATP and then to a tRNA is
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases activate amino acids by covalently linking them to tRNAs.When a tRNA is charged with the amino acid corresponding to its anticodon,it is called as aminoacyl - tRNA.
This reaction is completed in two steps:
1.an activated amino acid intermediate is formed by reaction between amino acid and ATP.
2.The amino acid is transferred to the 3'end of the tRNA.
Amino acid + ATP + tRNA -------Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase------------------------ amino acyl-tRNA + AMP +ppi
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