Homework Answers
ATP synthase is an enzyme which helps in production of ATP which is an energy molecule. The enzyme helps in formation of ATP from ADP and Pi. The ATP synthase works for in ATP synthesis mode and reverse because the production of ATP from ADP + Pi is energetically unfavorable and hence needs to move in reverse direction. Hence for the enzyme to drive this reaction, it has to couple with cellular respiration due to an electrochemical gradient that is formed by proton difference across the mitochondrial membrane. It acts in ATP synthesis mode for the production of the ATP and in reverse mode so that it gets energy for the production of ATP from ADP and Pi
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1. Why is it important that ATP synthase functions in both ATP synthesis mode and in...
1. a. In both mitochondria and chloroplasts, ATP synthesis is coupled to electron transport. Which one...
1. a. In both mitochondria and chloroplasts, ATP synthesis is coupled to electron transport. Which one of the following is likely to affect the coupling of electron transport to ATP synthesis in both of these systems? Explain. A) the absence of light B) the removal of oxygen C) leucinostatin, an ATP synthase inhibitor D)a photosystem II inhibitor 1.b. Explain why each of the other answer choices are not applicable to both of the systems.
Suppose there is a mutation in the c subunit of ATP synthase, such that the glutamate...
Suppose there is a mutation in the c subunit of ATP synthase, such that the glutamate found in the middle of one of the membrane-spanning helices is converted to a valine. What is likely to be the effect on ATP synthesis and why
If the aspartate in ATP synthase that functions to shuttle protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane...
If the aspartate in ATP synthase that functions to shuttle protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane is mutated to glycine, ATP synthase function would be: A) Decreased because the R group of glycine cannot change protonation state B) Decreased because the R group of glycine is non-polar C) Increased because the R group of glycine is smaller than the R group of aspartic acid, so more protons can flow D) Unaffected because the R group of glycine is small enough...
Why is the GTP produced by succinate synthase considered equivalent to an ATP in terms of...
Why is the GTP produced by succinate synthase considered equivalent to an ATP in terms of net energy capture
Explain why isolated F1 subunits from the ATP synthase enzyme catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. Use...
Explain why isolated F1 subunits from the ATP synthase enzyme catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. Use protein structure, conformational changes, and free energy in your response.
Would an ATP synthase taken from a bacterial cell work in a eukaryotic cell? Why?
Would an ATP synthase taken from a bacterial cell work in a eukaryotic cell? Why?
ATP synthase requires an energy source to synthesize ATP. Tell me what the source of energy...
ATP synthase requires an energy source to synthesize ATP. Tell me what the source of energy is and why energy is required for this process.
26. Place the following statements for the production of ATP by ATP synthase in order: 1....
26. Place the following statements for the production of ATP by ATP synthase in order: 1. The subunit binds ADP and Pi. II. The H+ binds to an acidic amino acid side chain and the cring rotates. III. The Tsubunit forces ADP and Pi together to form ATP. IV. The L subunit trap ADP and Pi in the active site. V. The gamma subunit linked to the c-ring rotates. VI. A H+ moves from the intermembrane space into a c...
What happens when ATP synthase operates “in reverse” and pumps H+ across a membrane against its...
What happens when ATP synthase operates “in reverse” and pumps H+ across a membrane against its electrochemical proton gradient? Choose one: ATP is hydrolyzed to form ADP and Pi. ATP is co-transported across the membrane. Nutrients are transported in the opposite direction across the membrane. Na+ is transported in the opposite direction across the membrane. ATP is synthesized from ADP and Pi.
A representation of the structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase is presented in Figure 2 of...
A representation of the structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase is presented in Figure 2 of this document. Notably, the chloroplast version of the spinach ATP synthase is remarkably similar to the mitochondrial version of the ATP synthase, with one notable exception. In the Fo portion of the chloroplast ATP synthase there are 14 "c" subunits. Discuss this noteworthy structural difference in the ATP synthases relative to the values you calculated in parts D and E of this problem. F)...
26. Place the following statements for the production of ATP by ATP synthase in order: 1. The subunit binds ADP and Pi. II. The H+ binds to an acidic amino acid side chain and the cring rotates. III. The Tsubunit forces ADP and Pi together to form ATP. IV. The L subunit trap ADP and Pi in the active site. V. The gamma subunit linked to the c-ring rotates. VI. A H+ moves from the intermembrane space into a c...
A representation of the structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase is presented in Figure 2 of this document. Notably, the chloroplast version of the spinach ATP synthase is remarkably similar to the mitochondrial version of the ATP synthase, with one notable exception. In the Fo portion of the chloroplast ATP synthase there are 14 "c" subunits. Discuss this noteworthy structural difference in the ATP synthases relative to the values you calculated in parts D and E of this problem. F)...
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