Question

how do you collect the data for elevation, pipe length, pipe diameter, base demand and pipe roughness in water distribution system

Answer 1

Elevation - It is basically the distance between the base and the surface of water .It is the height of water .In culvert designs, the water elevation upstream is measured.To measure it, just subtract the RL of the base from the RL of the upper surface of water .

Pipe length - The total length of the pipe is from the start ,where the water enters to the end where water exits .The pipe length can be measured by a simple measuring tape .In water distribution system , it is the length of the pipe from the tank to the house or a place.

Pipe Diameter - Diameter is the length from one side of the circle passing through the centre to the other side .Similarly to measure the diameter of the pipe ,the opening or the end should be held and the linear measurement can be done with a measuring tape .

Pipe roughness - This depends on the material of the pipe like , it is more for concrete pipes and lesser for PVC pipes . Different materials have specific roughness values so you can note the value of roughness for the material of pipe being used.

Base demand - An average amount of water is required by a human being to do all activities like drinking , washing cooking etc .Base demand is the minimum amount of water required by a person to carry all activities.It is calculated by multiplying the population of the area with the minimum amount of water required by one person on a normal day .

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