Question

What is the difference between blood loss, pernicious and sickle anemia and describe their pathophysiology with references.

Answer 1

Anemia is the condition in which the blood lacking enough amount of red blod cells, and this will lead to low hemoglobin and it will lead to decreased delivery of oxygen to cells.

During blood loss the blood circulating through systemic circulation, thus the red blood cell count in blood also reduces due to the excess loss of red blood cells from body and no more red blood cells are produced from the body. This will reduce the number of red blood cells in the body.

Pernicious anemia is a medical condition due to the deficency of vitamin B12 in the body. Vitamin B12 is a essential component for the development of red blood cells, so its deficency lead to decreased production red blood cells and this leads to anemia.

sickle cell anemia, an inherited group of disorders, due to the morphological changes n the red blood cells. Normally the red blood cells are biconcave shape and during sickle cell disease the RBC is in sickle chape. This shape of RBC affect the mobility of cells through capillaries, the sicle shape of cells prevent the free movement through small capillaries. Then the surface area of RBC reduced due to change in shape, so its oxygen carring capacity also reduce. And normal RBCs lifespan is about 90 to 120 days, the sickle cell RBC live for 60 to 80 days only. So the available RBC cells in body are low and is lead to anemia