Explain how phosphorylation and dephosphorylation affect cell function.
Explain how phosphorylation and dephosphorylation affect cell function.
Homework Answers
Phosphorylation is a chemical reaction which adds a phosphate group consisting of one phosphorous atom and four oxygen atoms to an organic molecule such as a protein. Dephosphorylation is the removal of phosphate groups. Both phosphorylation and dephosphorylation alters the configuration of proteins and thereby alter the activity of enzymes.
These pricesses can either activate or inhibit the enzyme. For example, phosphorylation of the enzyme glycogen synthetase changes the enzyme’s shape and reduces its activity. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glycogen.
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Explain how phosphorylation and dephosphorylation affect cell
function.
Dynamic phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is key to proper cell cycle control in that: (select all answers that apply)...
Dynamic phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is key to proper cell cycle control in that: (select all answers that apply) A. CAKs phosphorylate (and activate) CDK subunits. B. Wee1 kinase phosphorylates (and activates) CDK subunits. C. Cdc25 kinase phosphorylates (and activates) CDK subunits. D. Phosphorylation of the CKI Sic1 directs its subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. E. Kinases phosphorylate (and activate) SCF, the ubiquitin ligase responsible for degradation of G1/S phase cyclins.
Two-component regulatory systems rely on a balance of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of sensor kinases and response...
Two-component regulatory systems rely on a balance of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of sensor kinases and response regulators. If the response regulator became permanently phosphorylated due to lack of phosphatase activity, which of the following would NOT happen? Hints O The cell would become more sensitive to the environmental stimulus The cell would become insensitive to the environmental stimulus. The cell would not be able to "reset" its response cycle. O The operon controlled by the response regulator would be always...
Select any/all answers Latent TGFβ is converted to mature TGFβ by dephosphorylation phosphorylation proteolysis translocation none...
Select any/all answers Latent TGFβ is converted to mature TGFβ by dephosphorylation phosphorylation proteolysis translocation none of the above all of the above 2 A loss-of-function mutation in which of the following would inhibit TGFβ signaling? I-Smad R-Smad Ski SnoN all of the above
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ?...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? : a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction: COOH + GTP - PEP + CO2 + GDP C=0 CH2 COOH a. PEP carboxykinase b. pyruvate kinase d. pyruvate carboxylase c. malic enzyme 11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: glyoxylate + CH3CO-SCOA -- → malate +...
Phosphorylation of Rb is important for cell cycle progression. How?
Phosphorylation of Rb is important for cell cycle progression. How?
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ?...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? :a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex\}c. citrate synthase10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction:a. PEP carboxykinaseb. pyruvate kinasec. malic enzymed. pyruvate carboxylase11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction:glyoxylate +CH3CO-SCoA → malate + HSCoAa. malate synthaseb. succinate thiokinasec. aconitased. isocitrate
1A) What type of reaction occurs at 2? phosphorylation Isomerization hydrolysis oxidation-reduction dephosphorylatioN 1B) What type...
1A) What type of reaction occurs at 2?
phosphorylation
Isomerization
hydrolysis
oxidation-reduction
dephosphorylatioN
1B) What type of reaction occurs at 7?
phosphorylation
Isomerization
hydrolysis
oxidation-reduction
dephosphorylation
A B CHO он с CH, OH D Нc-o-Po, сно -он н го о H HO -н 2 но- -H 3 н- -он H но -H н -он н -он нс-о-ро, он он но H H -он н он нс-о-ро, н -он н CH,OH нс-о-ро, H G ОРО, 7 6 F E CHO нс-о-РО,...
If an uncoupling protein is active, how will this affect the P/O ratioof a cell? Explain.
If an uncoupling protein is active, how will this affect the P/O ratioof a cell? Explain.
brief answer to how the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues result in cell transformation?
brief answer to how the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues result in cell transformation?
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation...
Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP generation. How does oxidative phosphorylation compare with substrate level phosphorylation found in glycolysis and the Kreb’s cycle?
Two-component regulatory systems rely on a balance of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of sensor kinases and response regulators. If the response regulator became permanently phosphorylated due to lack of phosphatase activity, which of the following would NOT happen? Hints O The cell would become more sensitive to the environmental stimulus The cell would become insensitive to the environmental stimulus. The cell would not be able to "reset" its response cycle. O The operon controlled by the response regulator would be always...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? : a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction: COOH + GTP - PEP + CO2 + GDP C=0 CH2 COOH a. PEP carboxykinase b. pyruvate kinase d. pyruvate carboxylase c. malic enzyme 11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: glyoxylate + CH3CO-SCOA -- → malate +...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? :a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex\}c. citrate synthase10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction:a. PEP carboxykinaseb. pyruvate kinasec. malic enzymed. pyruvate carboxylase11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction:glyoxylate +CH3CO-SCoA → malate + HSCoAa. malate synthaseb. succinate thiokinasec. aconitased. isocitrate
1A) What type of reaction occurs at 2?
phosphorylation
Isomerization
hydrolysis
oxidation-reduction
dephosphorylatioN
1B) What type of reaction occurs at 7?
phosphorylation
Isomerization
hydrolysis
oxidation-reduction
dephosphorylation
A B CHO он с CH, OH D Нc-o-Po, сно -он н го о H HO -н 2 но- -H 3 н- -он H но -H н -он н -он нс-о-ро, он он но H H -он н он нс-о-ро, н -он н CH,OH нс-о-ро, H G ОРО, 7 6 F E CHO нс-о-РО,...
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