Question

(12) Which of the following description of quality is the one over which an operations manager has the most control? (a) Psychological impressions (b) Conformance to specifications (c) Product or Service value (d) An operations manager has equal level of control over items (a), (b), and (c) above (13) Small groups of employees and supervisors that meet regularly to identify, analyze, solve process and quality problems are referred to as Quality (Quality Control) Circles. This statement is: (a) True (b) False (14) Which of the following tools is most useful in helping a manager detect if a process has deviated from the design specifications, when the process is monitored over a given period of time? (a) Flowchart (b) Process chart (c) Pareto chart (d) Control chart (e) Neither of the four charts in (a), (b), (e), and (d) above is useful for that purpose (15) Consider the following 2 statements, (I) and (II), about Type I and Type 2 errors for the processes of Bayer -- a drug manufacturing company -- and then choose the most appropriate answer from alternatives (a) to (d). (1) A type 1 error has been committed when the manager says that the process is in control when it is actually not in control (II) A type 2 error has been committed when the manager says that the process is out of control when it is actually in control (a) Only statement (I) is true (b) Only statement (II) is true (c) Both statements (1) and (II) are true (d) Neither statement (1) nor (II) is true (16) Vich of the following represents an attribute measure of quality? (a) The diameter of a steel bar taken from a manufacturing process (b) The volume of children Tylenol in bottles, produced in a drug manufacturing plant (c) The area of a floor rug rolling out from a manufacturing process (d) The number of defective windshields in a batch of parts supplied to a Chrysler assembly plant (e) The weight of a bag of weed killers used on lawns in Michigan during the summer months
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Answer 1

12. Conformance to specifications

An operations manager has the most control over “conformance to specifications” as specifications are laid out and defined in a proper way. On the other hand, “physiological impressions” and “product or service value” are highly subjective in nature and hence difficult to control.

13. True

Quality circles can be defined as a group of employees carrying out similar kind of work, who meet at regularly to identify and discuss quality related challenges.

14. Control chart

In manufacturing, a control chart is used to find out if the process has deviated from the design specifications and to set upper and lower levels of acceptable performance with normal variation over a period of time. Flowchart is diagram representing a workflow or process. A process chart is a graphical representation of the sequence of steps to be followed in the manufacturing process. A Pareto chart represents the individual values and cumulative values of costs, occurences.

15. Neither I nor II are true

A type 1 error is the rejection of a true null hypothesis while type 2 error is the non-rejection of a false null hypothesis.

16. The number of defective windshields in a batch of parts supplied to a Chrysler assembly plant

Through this, we can find out the acceptable windshields that measure upto the required quality. All the other options do not give an indication of quality.