Question
Why do the extra 2 electrons go on a p orbital, and not a preceding 3s?

Orbital Diagrams for Multielectron Atoms Core electrons Valence electron Dd.ihe血 2s Lithium: ls 2 Valence shell Carbon s2s2
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Answer #1

According to Aufbau principle,in the ground state of an atom or ion,electrons fill in atomic orbitals of lowest available energy levels before occupying higher level.

The energy of atomic orbitals governs by three rules..

1. n-rule: Higher the value of n (principle quantum number), higher is the energy.

2. l-rule: Higher the value of l(angular momentum quantum number), higher is the energy.

3. (n+l)-rule: Higher the value of (n+l),higher is the energy.

In case of 2p and 3s orbital according to rule-1,2p orbital has lower energy than 3s orbital, as n value of 2p orbital (i.e,2) is lesser than the n value of 3s orbital (i.e.,3).Thus for carbon two electrons enter in 2p orbital instead of 3s orbital.

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