Question

does the skin protect from bacterial invasion? 2. How how each of the following helps regulate body tempentue sels in the dermis, sweat glands, adipose tissue below the 3. dermis, hair, and hair follicles. EXERCISE 2 Introduction to the Fetal P

Answer 1

2)The skin is the first line of defense against bacterial invasion. It acts as a mechanical barrier to pathogens. It has epithelial cells which are tough and cannot be penetrated by bacteria. The pores in skin are very small and do not allow entry of pathogens. It has a keratinized layer of dead cells that act as barrier. Presence of salt, oil, low ph, constant removal of skin, and sweat make it a harsh environment for growth of bacteria. Skin also has an innate immune system that will kill any bacteria that enter it.

3) Blood vessel in Dermis: The skin regulates the body temperature through blood supply. Epidermis, the outer layer lacks blood vessels. The dermis has blood vessels that make up the thermoregulatory system of skin. When blood vessels constrict (vasoconstriction), there is reduction in heat loss making the skin pale. The blood vessels constrict when there is less heat (cold conditions), reducing blood flow to the skin. When blood vessels expand (Vasodilation), there is increased heat loss, making the skin red. This is because heat will cause vasodilation near surface of skin, casuing increased blood to circulate near the surface.

Sweat Glands: Sweat is produced by sweat glands in response to heat. Sweat is composed of water, salt, and other chemicals. When internal body temperature rises, the eccrine glands secrete sweat in the skin surface. When sweat evaporates, the water also evaporates, making the body cool.

Adipose tissue below the dermis, hair, and hair follicles: Adipose tissue is made up of fat or lipids. It acts as an insulator material and prevents the loss of heat from the skin. Adipose tissue is a poor conductor of heat. It will help conserve heat in the body