Question

Think of the enduring disputes taking place between Jordan and Israel (Jordan controls the headwaters of the Jordan River as it flows into Israel); Turkey and Iraq (Turkey controls the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers before they enter Iraq); and between Ethiopia and Sudan and Egypt (Ethiopia controls the flow of the Nile River before it enters Sudan and Egypt). What concerns do these downriver countries (Israel, Iraq, and Egypt/Sudan) have over freshwater access?

Answer 1

The main issue or the concern that the down river countries have over fresh water access is that these up river countries will not let water flow into the down river Countries as they construct these dams and many other water projects on these rivers and use most of the water. So as these up river countries are using most of the water the down river countries have a scarcity of fresh water which makes them to go up other alternatives.

Ex: Israel is treating its sewage water and use the same water for irrigation.

Another problem these downriver countries are facing during more flow of river during rainy season these up river countries will than release the water which is like as they letting the water which they have excess. Thus these are the issues which down river waters are facing.