Question

Document your result for H influenzae below: Gram stain Colonial Morphology on Chocolate Reaction (orReaction (+ or-)X factorV factor required?required? Organism appearance Catalase Oxidase Agar 1. What is the gram reaction, oxidase test result, catalase test results for H. influenza? 2. What factors does H. influenza utilize? . Which organisms are commonly found in contributing to the cause of bacterial meningitis? 4. Explain the phenomenon of satellitism, include the two organisms are used to perform this test.

Answer 1

1. Gram Staining of H. influenzae showed Gram-negative coccobacillus. H. influenzae can be characterized using catalase and oxidase tests, both are positive.

2. H. influenzae utilizes factor X (hemin) to produce respiratory enzymes such as cytochromes, catalases and peroxidase and factor V (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) as an electron carrier in the oxidation-reduction system

3. Bacterial meningitis are mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in premature babies and newborns.  In adults, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae together cause 80% of bacterial meningitis.
4. The satellite phenomenon occurs when one bacterial species produced growth factors which are required for the second species in the culture plate. These growth factors are not available in the culture media.

Example:Staphylococcus aureus produce NAD as a metabolic byproduct when grow in a culture media. Therefore, Haemophilus spp utilize NAD for its growth that to very close to the colonies of Staphylococcus aureus .