Question

34. Compensatory mutations in genes for noncoding RNAs indicate that:

A) these genes are not important for the function of the organism.

B) the secondary structure of the noncoding RNA is important for its function.

C) the noncoding RNA is not undergoing accelerated evolution.

D) All of the answers are correct.

E) None of the answers is correct.

35. Which statement true about the formation of early organisms?

A) The first organisms were anaerobic because the atmosphere was devoid of oxygen. B) The original electron donor for photosynthetic processes was probably H2S.

C) Oxygen, a powerful oxidant, was probably welcomed by anaerobic organisms as a preferable choice for metabolic reactions.

D) The transfer of electrons to 02 releases more energy than transferring electrons to

E) Cyanobacteria are modern descendants of early photosynthetic oxygen-producers.

36. Which reaction does NOT convert gluconeogenic precursors to the next step in gluconeogenesis?

A) Glycerol is converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate using the enzymes glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

B) Lactate is converted to alanine using lactate dehydrogenase.

C) Alanine is converted to pyruvate using alanine aminotransferase.

D) Glutamate is converted to a-ketoglutarate using either glutamate dehydrogenase or an aminotransferase.

E) Pyruvate is carboxylated using bicarbonate and pyruvate carboxylase.

37. Which statement is TRUE regarding the SERCA pump?

A) The El conformation has a higher Kd value for Ca2+ than the E2 conformation.

B) The P domain contains a high-energy acyl phosphate structure when it is phosphorylated.

C) Three calcium ions are moved in each cycle of the transporter.

D) This protein can be classified as an antiport.

E) None of the statements is true.

38. Reaction 1 has a AGO of—12.3 kJ/mol, and Reaction 2 has a AGO of 23.4 kJ/mol. Which statement is TRUE of these two reactions?
A) Reaction 1 occurs faster.
B) Reaction 2 occurs faster.
C) Both reactions occur at the same rate.
D) Reaction 2 will not occur.

39. The process of linkage analysis does NOT rely on which technique to determine the genetic causes of diseases?

A) analysis of family pedigrees

B) identification of SNPs that are most often inherited with the disease-causing gene

C) the sequence of the entire chromosome where the disease-causing gene is located to directly identify it

D) comparing the DNA of people who have the disease with the DNA of people who don't have the disease

E) obtaining many sequences of a region of the chromosome that is associated with the disease

Answer 1

Ans35: The first organisms were anaerobic because the atmosphere was devoid of oxygen.

• Ans34:
• The non coding RNA perform their different functions by virtue of their secondary structure, as they do not code for any protein. Thus correct choice should be :

  the secondary structure of the noncoding RNA is important for its function.