Question

Q. Normalization and Denormalization are two essential techniques in relational databases. Define in detail the both techniques with examples.

Answer 1

i) Normalization:

the Normalization:- In relational database, designer normalization is the process process for organizing data to minimize redundancy and dependency of data, motto of the normalization is to dividing a database into two more tables and then link up the relationship between the tables. OY A Normalization has 5 types: 1) INF 27 2NF 37 3NF 47 4NF 57 5NF. ny INF Relation should not contain any multivalue. attribute, so single value will be put into attributes. 27 2NF? Relation't' is in 2NF if, and any is R should not contain partial dependency. always should be in Inf relation. iiy R 37 3NF I suppose R is in relational schena, then any non- trivial FD day over R is in 3Nf, if is a should be super key prime atribute. or y should be iiy R should not contain any partial dependency. illy R always should be in and relation.

if, 47 4NF ? 4NF is associated with multivalued UNE dependency A relation is in trivial multivalued dependencies ny. [ae should be super key is Every non- 57 5 NFE A Relation is in 5N if, is implified ix. Every join dependeney candidate keys. by the Example of Normalization?- Name SI Р course cljava ext/python S2 After INF normalization it would be, ID course Name c SI P Р Java $2 52 Q C++ 82 Q Python

ii) Denormalization:

Denormalization- one OY more a Denormalization is a technique which added redundant data into tables. It is optimization technique in which is applied after Normalization of data to increase the performance of database by adding redundant of data. Example of denormalization- int category lint id int Рk message Pk user_id PK menage-id pk category.id category-name int vonchar name vaichar each in tuis de normalization table , category_name is used to stone the information about the reconds in the mennage table, only megnage table is needed to a user of specific entegory. So, this is dendrmalization technique : enable the

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