Question

6) Describe what is meant by as-received, moisture-free, and moisture-and ash- free heat value? How are these calculated?

Answer 1

6)

AR(as-received) indicates that the fuel heating valuehas been measured with all moisture and ash frormingminerals present.

MF(Moisture-free heat value) or dry indicates that the heating value has been measured after the fuel has been dried ofall inherent moisture but still retaining its ash forming minerals.

MAF (moisture and ash free) or DAF (dry and Ash free) indicates that the fuel heating value has been measured inthe absence of inherent moisture and ash forming minerals.

The energy value or the heating value is the amount of potential energy that can be converted in to actual heating ability. This can be measured using the proximate and ultimate analysis.

The parameters of proximate analysus are moisture, volatile matter, ash and fixed carbon. Elementary or ultimate analysus encompasses the quantitative determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and Oxygen.

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