Question

Describe how a process’s Working Set can be used to determine which processes to maintain in a ready state or which to suspend.

Answer 1

There are different primary states in operating system:- New, Ready, Running, Terminated and Wait/Block.

TERMINATED NEW READY RUNNING WAITI OR Block SUSPENDED READY Page 1 Date. SUSPENDED WAIT/ Brock

New State: Means process is created and placed in the secondary memory.

Ready State: It is basically a queue. When the process is in ready state it means that it is in RAM. Long Term Scheduler brings the processes in the ready state (which is also known as multiprogramming)

Running State: Processes are dispatched and brought to Running state in which the processes are executed. Process is still in RAM but now it is being executed by the CPU.

Terminated State: When the process had completed its execution, then it comes in the terminated state. All the resources allocated before are now deallocated.

Suppose a new process came in ready state which has higher priority. So now this process will be sent in the Running state and the previous ongoing process would be sent to Ready state. Short term scheduler helps in this condition.

Wait/Block State: Suppose a process comes in running state and requires I/O operations but CPU can't do it right now, so it will be sent to Wait/Blocked state.

Now, there are some more states:

Suspend Ready state: Suppose a process initially is in the ready state, and swapped out of main memory and placed in the external storage. So this process is said to be in the Suspend Ready state. When the process is brought again in main memory, then it will brought to ready state again.

Suspend Block/Wait State: It is like suspend ready but in this case those processes are dealed which are performing I/O operations but due to lack of memory they are brought to suspend wait state. It is sent to suspend ready when the work is finished.