Question

1. The following is a sequence of RNA. Do you expect it to adopt any kind of structure, and, if so, show what the structure would be? 5'-AUACUGCCCCCGGGGGAUGCCCGUAAACCGGGGUUACCCGGUUUAAACGGCCCCCCGGGGGCAGGCG-3'. 2. A dipoid yeast was ABD on one chromosome and abd on the other. The yeast cell underwent meiosis and the four genomes in the resulting tetrad were analyzed and determined to be: ABD, ABD, ABD and abd. a. For the moment, focus on the outcome regarding the number of B versus b genes? (Ignore D and d.) What is unexpected, regarding the number of gene types in the meiotic cells? (Of course, it's not so unexpected, given that the origin of this kind of outcome was described in class.) Rationalize how this could have happened, assuming that this outcome had something to do with recombination. b. Is there a second "unexpected” outcome, and, if so, what is it? Assume that this second outcome occurred in a process that was linked to the first outcome, which happened with the B/b gene. Explain how they both might have occurred together c. What is the name associated with the outcome: ABD/ABD/aBDlabd? 3. Using these types of genetic changes: Base substitution Transition Transversion Insertion Deletion Frameshift mutation Missense mutation Nonsense mutation Label these genetic changes (a-e). More than one answer may apply to each answer. a. GC->CG in the protein coding region on a gene. b. GC->TA in a GAA glutamate codon c. Loss of three bases GAA for a glutamate codon d. GC->CG in a tRNA gene e. GC->AT in the ribsome binding site of a mRNA

Answer 1

1. The RNA structure adopts a loop like structure with bulges at some points due to absence of the complementary base. The loop-like structure is formed when a single sequence has complementary regions which hybridize together to form a stable structure. The most common structures are loops with slight variations such as hair pin loop, bulged loop or internal loop. The sequenced mentioned above forms a loop a like structure mentioned below:

-< نہ - ا - A - A - - - - - - - - A - G - CC - C - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - G -گرم -کر | | | | | | AK Bulge - bulges with Loop-like structure از - ک

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