What are the four mechanisms that mediates transcriptional activation in addition to RNA interference during during the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression
Let us list them and describe them:
- Methylation system. This requires cytosines to be methylated in order to block transcription of a certain gene
- Polymerase complex assembly. Proper assembly is a crucial procces for transcription to occur, the regulation of this process is a mechanism to regulate transcription per se
- Transcription factors mechanism. Transcription will only start if the proper factors and enhancers are brought in place, regulation of such factors and enhancers availability regulates the transcription of the site
- Chromatin state. Methylation or acetylation of histones regulates the tightness of such histones over DNA, acetylation promotes expression while methylation prevents it
What are the four mechanisms that mediates transcriptional activation in addition to RNA interference during during...
4. LIST THE COMPONENTS or MECHANISMS for PROTEIN REGULATION: Name of mechanism Who or what mediates the mechanism Specific target of What is the the mechanism outcome of the mechanism How is gene expression altered
Which of the following mechanisms to regulate gene expression are observed in eukaryotes, but are not generally observed in prokaryotes? Choose all that apply. Genes are grouped into operons, which allows transcriptional regulation to turn them all on together. RNA silencing selectively targets mRNA and destroys it to prevent further translation. Proteins can be activated or deactivated as a form of post-translational regulation. Epigenetic regulation can open or condense sectiosn of a chromosome, regulating which genes are transcribed. Regulatory proteins...
p O words Question 54 10 pts List and describe four mechanisms used during eukaryotic regulation of gene expression that are NOT found in prokaryotes. 12pt v Paragraph | BI U A e Tv p PAGO O words Question 55 10 pt: st and describe all the major players involved in transcription of the lac operon in bacteria while entioning how they work together to optimze expression of the genes. As part of your answer, provide tails of the scenario...
Choose two (2) of the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells denoted by rows shown (7 possible in the Figure below. I will only grade your first to for completeness and will NOT grade any more that you write. If you do an EXTRAODINARY job on your answers, you may ear bonus points For each of your choices answer the following 4 questions using COMPLETE sentences 1. What are the base structural differences between molecules (pink, blue or...
What transcriptional regulation mechanism unique to mammals allows for selective gene expression from one allele only? Explain how this impacts expression of IGF2.
Last week we discussed the role of general transcription factors in forming the transcription initiation complex in eukaryotes. Next week we will look more closely at the regulation of gene expression and the role played by specific transcription factors. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes utilize very different mechanisms for determining which genes are turned on and off and when. In lieu of the prokaryotic operon model, eukaryotes employ a combinatorics approach utilizing both general and specific transcription factors. For this week’s forum,...
Which type of transcriptional termination requires formation of a stem loop secondary structure in the RNA? What is the primary factor involved in the termination of RNA synthesis? Is a new nucleotide added to a growing strand of RNA at the 3′ end? DNA and associated histones compose what molecule? Be able to use a codon table to give the sequence of amino acids from an mRNA sequence. I will give you an mRNA sequence; you will indicate how many...
What are the four common core promoter elements for eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II? Must all of these elements be present in the promoter for transcription of every gene to occur? Explain
Small single‐stranded RNAs called micro RNAs (miRNAs) are about 21 nucleotides long and act to inhibit expression of specific genes. Describe how such RNAs are made and the mechanisms responsible for their inhibition of gene expression. During formation of sperm, activation of selfish genetic elements called retrotransposons is inhibited by a special class of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) called piRNAs that are slightly longer than miRNAs. Based on your knowledge of RNA interference mechanisms, how might piRNAs inhibit retrotransposons? What...
The Basics of Eukaryotic Gene Expression (Ch. 17) • What are the steps of RNA processing? What are introns and exons? G-caps and PolyA tails? • Does RNA polymerase function the same in eukaryotes as in prokaryotes? Why or why not? • How do eukaryotic ribosomes compare with those of prokaryotes? How have these differences been used in medicine? • What is the evolutionary significance of the exon/intron arrangement in eukaryotic genes? What are domains?