Suppose we have a 32-bit MIPS processor, which includes a 2-way set associative data cache with...
Assume that you have a 32-bit MIPS processor with a direct mapped data cache with the capacity 4096 bytes and a block size of 16 bytes. The cache is initially empty (all valid bits are 0). Which sets of the cache have been updated after that the following program has been executed? For each of the sets, specify the set number, the value of the valid bit, and the tag value of the data cache. 1 lui $t0,0x12ff 2 lw...
A 256kiB (2^18 bytes) cache has a block size of 32 bytes and is 32-way set-associative. How many bits of a 32-bit address will be in the Tag, Index, and Bock Offset?
Assume you have: 32-bit addresses, 4KB Page size, 4MB Physical Memory Space, 4KB Cache with 4-way set associative and LRU replacement, 32 Byte Cache block size, 4-entry fully associative TLB. A program to be run on this machine begins as follows: double A[1024]; int i, j; double sum = 0; for( i = 0; i < 1024; i++ ) // first loop A[i] = i; for( j = 0; j < 1024; j += 16 ) // second loop ...
32 bytes of memory. 16 bytes of 2-way set-associative cache, where blocks can go anywhere within the set. Block is 2 bytes, set in cache is two blocks. Populate memory starting with upper-case letters, then 0-5. Hint- with full associativity in the set: each block has its own set of Tag bits in the cache. Memory is not organized by sets, though blocks get assigned to sets, and load in the cache per set. 1) Break down the addressing: Tag...
You have a 2-way set associative L1 cache that is 8KB, with 4-word cache lines. You get the following sequence of writes to the cache --each is a 32-bit address in hexadecimal 0x32E4 0x8000 0x1F50 0x8004 0x72EC OxDOOC 0x800C 0x72E8 0x4008 OxD000 0x82E0 a) [7 Pts] How many cache misses occur with an LFU (Least Frequently Used) policy? Give a detailed answer and fill in the table below for each address reference Set Index (in hex) Memory address(in hex) 0x32E4...
1. 2-way Set Associative Cache Memory Consider a hypothetical machine with 1K words of cache memory. They are in two-way set associative organization, with cache block size of 128 words, using LRU replacement algorithm. Suppose the cache hit time is 9ns, the time to transfer the first word from main memory to cache is 50ns, while subsequent words require 10ns/word. Consider the following read pattern (in blocks of 128 words, and block id starts from 0): 1 2 3 5...
A 2-way set associative cache consists of four sets 0, 1, 2, 3. The main memory is word addressable (i.e. treat the memory as an array of words indexed by the address). It contains 2048 blocks 0 through 2047, and each block has eight words. (a) How many bits are needed to address the main memory? (b) Show how a main memory address will be translated into a tag, a set number, and an offset within a block. Illustrate this...
A short program loop goes through a 16 kB array one word at a time, reads a number from the array, adds a random number, and stores the result in the corresponding entry in another array that is located in the memory immediately following the first array. An outer loop repeats the above operation 100 times. The 64-bit processor, operating at a clock frequency of 4 GHz, is pipelined, has 48 address lines, three levels of caches with a 64...
Given the following cache specifications: (S, E, B, m) = (4, 2, 2, 6) Construct a block diagram of a two-way set-associative cache. Each block is 1 byte deep. Identify the tag bits, set bits and block offset bits for the address field. The cache replacement policy is: Last-in First-out. Step 1: Initial State Define the initial structure and state of the cache as done in class. The # of rows in the table below must be changed to fit...
3. 12+2-4 points] We are comparing the two caches in Problem 1 and Problem 2. Suppose both caphes have a hit time of 2 cycles. The cache in Problem 1 has a miss penalty of 15 cycles. The one in Problem 2 has a miss penalty of 25 cycles. Calculate the total time taken (in cycles) for all accesses, for each cache. Which cache is better- the one in Problem 1 or Problem 2? 3. 12+2-4 points] We are comparing...