Solution:
Mass of hydrogen nuclei
Mass of a helium nucleus
.
(a)
It is given that four hydrogen nuclei creates a single He nuclei. Thus the mass defect(difference in mass)is,
(b) The energy released during the process us given by,
It takes four hydrogen nuclei to create one helium nucleus in the proton-proton chain, which is...
It takes four hydrogen nuclei to create one helium nucleus in the proton-proton chain, which is the main energy source of the Sun. If a single hydrogen nucleus has a mass of 1.6726 × 10-27 kg and a single helium nucleus has a mass of 6.6447 × 10-27 kg, how much mass is converted into energy to create three helium nuclei?
HW 5/7: Find the amount of energy released in each step of the Proton-Proton chain Fusion in the Sun follows a process called the Proton-Proton chain, starting with 6 total hydrogen nuclei 1. Two hydrogen nuclei fuse to form a deuterium (2H) nucleus, expelling a positron and a neutrino. (x2) 2. The deuterium nucleus fuses with a hydrogen nucleus to form a helion (He), expelling a gamma ray. (x2) 3. Two of these helion nuclei fuse to form a Helium...
Red giants derive their energy from reactions involving helium. In a reaction where 3 helium nuclei change into 1 carbon nucleus. The mass of a helium nucleus is 6.645x10^-27 kg, and the mass of a carbon nucleus is 1.9922x10^-26 kg. calculate: (1) the mass lost in one such reaction, (2) the energy released in one such reaction, (3) the energy released when a kilogram of helium fuses to become carbon, (4) the ratio between this and the amount of energy...
A) You will investigate the PP-I chain leading to the formation of helium and energy from the fusion of 1) Demonstrate that I u of mass (1/12)mC, atom) has an equivalent rest mass of answers Qi, Q2, and Qs in MeV. Be careful with Qi-beware of the leptons! hydrogen in the cores of lower mass main sequence stars such as our Sun. 931.4940954 MeV/c (match at least the first 4 digits past decimal) Calculate the Q value for each step...
Alpha decay is nuclear decay in which a helium nucleus is emitted. If the helium nucleus has a mass of 6.646 ✕ 10-27 kg and is given 7.00 MeV of kinetic energy, what is its velocity? Answer: _________ c
In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus of the atom by observing the scattering of helium nuclei from gold nuclei. If a helium nucleus with a mass of 6.68 10-27 kg, a charge of +2e, and an initial velocity of 1.18 107 m/s is projected head-on toward a gold nucleus with a charge of +79e, how close will the helium atom come to the gold nucleus before it stops and turns around? (Assume the gold nucleus is held in place...
An alpha particle is a nucleus of helium. It has twice the
charge and four times the mass of the proton. When they were very
far away from each other, but headed toward directly each other, a
proton and an alpha particle each had an initial speed of 8.2×10−3
c, where c is the speed of light. What is their distance of closest
approach? There are two conserved quantities. Make use of both of
them. (c = 3.00 × 108...
An alpha particle is a nucleus of helium. It has twice the charge and four times the mass of the proton. When they were very far away from each other, but headed toward directly each other, a proton and an alpha particle each had an initial speed of 0.002c, where c is the speed of light. What is their distance of closest approach? Hint: There are two conserved quantities. Make use of both of them. (c = 3.00 × 108...
The nucleus of a hydrogen atom is a single proton, which has a radius of about 1.1 10-15 m. The single electron in a hydrogen atom normally orbits the nucleus at a distance of 5.5 10-11 m. What is the ratio of the density of the hydrogen nucleus to the density of the complete hydrogen atom?
Problem 5. [Einstein's E = mc²] Sun is producing energy by nuclear fusion reactions converting four hydrogen nuclei to form one nucleus of He, i.e. 4H + He. However, mass of helium nucleus is smaller than that of four hydrogens and this difference is called mass defect. If mass of the hydrogen nucleus is my and mass of the helium nucleus Mhe mass defect of one nuclear reaction Am is equal to Am = 4 *my - Me (1) Using...