Homework Answers
When a mitogen-activated signal transduction cascade is activated, pRB is phosphorylated and inactivated releasing E2F.
B) pRB: phosphorylated
Switch: OFF (inactivated), E2F released.
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QUESTION 11 When a mitogen-activated signal transduction cascade is activated, what happens to (a) the phosphorylation...
Arrange in proper order the events of the signal-transduction cascade for glycogen degradation in muscle. Muscle...
Arrange in proper order the events of the signal-transduction cascade for glycogen degradation in muscle. Muscle contraction begins. Phosphorolysis of glycogen yields glucose l-phosphate. Answer Bank Phosphorylase kinase is phosphorylated on its and a subunits. Intracellular CAMP levels increase, which activates protein kinase A. Epinephrine is released and binds to muscle ß-adrenergic receptors. The stimulatory G, protein dissociates and activates adenylate cyclase. Phosphorylase kinase is partly activated by binding Ca2+ Glycogen phosphorylase b is converted to glycogen phosphorylase a.
Signal amplification is an essential step in signal transduction. Which of the following steps of signal...
Signal amplification is an essential step in signal transduction. Which of the following steps of signal transduction amplify the signal (select all that apply)? Group of answer choices a) ligand binding to receptor b) release of GTP bound form of G protein from receptor c) binding of GTP bound form of G protein to target enzyme d) generation of second messenger by activated target enzyme e) activation of gene expression
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event...
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event activates Question 2 Use the basic signaling diagram (Diagram 1) to answer the following questions: Do you agree with each of these statements? Yes or no, why or why not? A. TK1 activates TK2 by transferring a phosphate from ATP to TK2 B. Before the cell is exposed to signal, TK1 is phosphorylated C. RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by TFa. D. Binding of signal...
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you. 2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that...
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you.
2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that regulates actin polymerization. SigC is the ligand, which binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Activation of the RTK leads to the activation of the Ras protein, which then activates the protein kinase PK1 that phosphorylates the RingA protein on S34. When SigC plasma membrane phosphorylated, RingA binds EXTRACELLULAR to the gene regulatory SPACE inactive Ras protein activated Ras protein protein, AP1....
Drosopholia eye development is an example of cell differentiation directed by signal binding to a receptor...
Drosopholia eye development is an example of cell differentiation directed by signal binding to a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). In this pathway, R7 photoreceptor development requires a receptor (SEV, sevenless), which is activated by binding to a plasma membrane bound signal (BOSS, bride-of-sevenless) displayed on the adjacent R8 cell Receptor activation leads to activation of RAS via two proteins, Drk (down- stream of receptor kinases) and Sos (son-of-sevenless). Activated RAS leads to activation of a phosphorylation cascade that activates the...
9. What happens when a trimeric G a. Ga separates from b. GB separates from the...
9. What happens when a trimeric G a. Ga separates from b. GB separates from the GaG protein is activated by the GpGy dimer dimer d. Ga, Gp, and Gy separate from each other e. The trimeric G protein localizes to the c. Gy separates from the GaGß dimer t nuceus se the folowing list to answer questions 10-13.Answers can be used more than once a. Endocytosis followed by degradation in lysosomes tqitination mediated by SOCS followed by degradation by...
QUESTION 1 When cells stimulate other cells at long distances, it is referred to as: paracrine...
QUESTION 1 When cells stimulate other cells at long distances, it is referred to as: paracrine loops autocrine loops synaptic signaling endocrine signaling 1 points QUESTION 2 What region of a protein binds phosphorylated serines & tyrosines on another protein? SH2 domain ligand cAMP receptor monomers 1 points QUESTION 3 Activation of a serpentine receptor can lead to: cAMP generation GTP-binding of G proteins activation of Protein Kinase A all of the above 1 points QUESTION 4...
Phosphorylation-dependent binding of F-box protein B-TrCP containing E3 ubiquitin ligase to human WEE1A. S123 is phosphorylated...
Phosphorylation-dependent binding of F-box protein B-TrCP containing E3 ubiquitin ligase to human WEE1A. S123 is phosphorylated by a CDK and the phosphorylation primes CK2 to phosphorylate S121 resulting in creation of a B-TCP phosphodegron (EEGFGpS121) that is responsible for the instability of WEE1A during interphase. At the onset of M-phase, when activated Plk1 accumulates, Plk1 binds to WEE1A to the PBD binding motif surrounding PS123 (SpSP) via its PBD and phosphorylates S53 resulting in generation of the second phosphodegron (DpSAFQE)....
The gene machine program shows you what happens when lactose is present in E. coli, and...
The gene machine program shows you what happens when lactose is present in E. coli, and how the lac operon is under negative control. However, the lac operon is also under positive control from a protein called CRP, eAMP Receptor Protein. The absence of the lac repressor is essential but not sufficient for effective transcription of the lac operon. RNA polymerase also depends on the presence of CRP. Like the lac repressor, which can bind to the DNA and lactose....
Need help on these questions ? 1.) Steroid hormones trigger transcription of target genes by... ...
Need help on these questions ? 1.) Steroid hormones trigger transcription of target genes by... a. activating the release of Ca+2 ions that bind to and activate transcription factors. b. activating a kinase cascade that results in the activation of a transcription factor for a set of genes. c. binding directly to DNA and stimulating transcription. d. binding to nuclear receptors that act as transcription factors for specific genes. 2.) Which type of cell-surface receptor(s), when...
Arrange in proper order the events of the signal-transduction cascade for glycogen degradation in muscle. Muscle contraction begins. Phosphorolysis of glycogen yields glucose l-phosphate. Answer Bank Phosphorylase kinase is phosphorylated on its and a subunits. Intracellular CAMP levels increase, which activates protein kinase A. Epinephrine is released and binds to muscle ß-adrenergic receptors. The stimulatory G, protein dissociates and activates adenylate cyclase. Phosphorylase kinase is partly activated by binding Ca2+ Glycogen phosphorylase b is converted to glycogen phosphorylase a.
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event activates Question 2 Use the basic signaling diagram (Diagram 1) to answer the following questions: Do you agree with each of these statements? Yes or no, why or why not? A. TK1 activates TK2 by transferring a phosphate from ATP to TK2 B. Before the cell is exposed to signal, TK1 is phosphorylated C. RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by TFa. D. Binding of signal...
Last guy got it wrong - Thank you.
2. You discover a signal transduction pathway that regulates actin polymerization. SigC is the ligand, which binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Activation of the RTK leads to the activation of the Ras protein, which then activates the protein kinase PK1 that phosphorylates the RingA protein on S34. When SigC plasma membrane phosphorylated, RingA binds EXTRACELLULAR to the gene regulatory SPACE inactive Ras protein activated Ras protein protein, AP1....
Drosopholia eye development is an example of cell differentiation directed by signal binding to a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). In this pathway, R7 photoreceptor development requires a receptor (SEV, sevenless), which is activated by binding to a plasma membrane bound signal (BOSS, bride-of-sevenless) displayed on the adjacent R8 cell Receptor activation leads to activation of RAS via two proteins, Drk (down- stream of receptor kinases) and Sos (son-of-sevenless). Activated RAS leads to activation of a phosphorylation cascade that activates the...
9. What happens when a trimeric G a. Ga separates from b. GB separates from the GaG protein is activated by the GpGy dimer dimer d. Ga, Gp, and Gy separate from each other e. The trimeric G protein localizes to the c. Gy separates from the GaGß dimer t nuceus se the folowing list to answer questions 10-13.Answers can be used more than once a. Endocytosis followed by degradation in lysosomes tqitination mediated by SOCS followed by degradation by...
Phosphorylation-dependent binding of F-box protein B-TrCP containing E3 ubiquitin ligase to human WEE1A. S123 is phosphorylated by a CDK and the phosphorylation primes CK2 to phosphorylate S121 resulting in creation of a B-TCP phosphodegron (EEGFGpS121) that is responsible for the instability of WEE1A during interphase. At the onset of M-phase, when activated Plk1 accumulates, Plk1 binds to WEE1A to the PBD binding motif surrounding PS123 (SpSP) via its PBD and phosphorylates S53 resulting in generation of the second phosphodegron (DpSAFQE)....
The gene machine program shows you what happens when lactose is present in E. coli, and how the lac operon is under negative control. However, the lac operon is also under positive control from a protein called CRP, eAMP Receptor Protein. The absence of the lac repressor is essential but not sufficient for effective transcription of the lac operon. RNA polymerase also depends on the presence of CRP. Like the lac repressor, which can bind to the DNA and lactose....
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