Question

Part 2: Data Tables Table 1: Parent Genotypes: Monohybrid Crosses Genotype of Genotype of Generation Individual #1 Individual #2 P YY Gg Р. Yy Gg P: Yy Gg P Yy P. Yy Gg Phenotype Ratio Generation 2:2 Р 2:2 P. Table 2: Generation Data Produced by Monohybrid Crosses Possible Offspring Possible Offspring Genotype Genotypes Phenotypes Ratio 2:2 YG, Yg Yellow green, yellow red. 2:2 yG, X Blue green, blue red. Yellow green, blue red, 1:1:1:1 YG, sg. Yg yg yellow red, blue green. Blue, red 4:0 Yellow green, blue red, 1:1:1:1 YG, yg. Yg yg yellow red, blue green 1:1:1:1 P2 4:0 Р. 1:1:1:1 P. Part 2: Post-Lab Questions 1. How much genotypic variation do you find in the randomly picked parents of your crosses? | 2. How much in the offspring? 3. Pool all of the offspring from your five replicates. How much phenotypic variation do you find? 4. Is the ratio of observed phenotypes the same as the ratio of predicted phenotypes? Why or why not? 5. What is the difference between genes and alleles? 6. How might protein synthesis execute differently if a mutation occurs?

Answer 1

1) 4 types of parent's genotype: YY, Yy, Gg, gg

2) 4 types of offspirnig's genotype: YG, Yg, yG, yg

3) 4 types of phenotype : Yellow Green, Yellow Red, Blue Green, Blue Red,

4) In case of P, P₂, P_{4 ,} observed phenotype is the same as the predicted phenotypes. In case of P₁, P₃, the observed phenotypes are not same as the predicted phenotypes.

Monohybrid cross of P₁ gives four different genotypes (YG.Yg,G,yg) which correspond to 4 different phenotypes. so the ratio is 1:1:1:1, so it does not matching with the phenotype ratio of P₁.

Monohybrid cross of P3 gives only two different genotypes (Yg, yg ) which correspond to 2 different phenotypes. so the ratio is 2:2. which does not match with the phenotype ratio of P₃.

whereas, the monohybrid cross of P, P₂, P₄ gives the genotypes as mentioned in table. Thus gives different phenotypes as predicted phenotypes in the given table. Also their phenotypic ratio matches with the predicted phenotypes.

5) Gene is a long chain of nucleotide sequence which encode for a specific gene product ( mRNA and then Protien ) whereas the allele is the alternative form of gene ( the sequence is somewhat differ from the gene due to mutation ) but that codes for the same function or protein which gene do .