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What are strengths and limitations of the AgNO3 test for tertiary alkyl halides?

What are strengths and limitations of the AgNO3 test for tertiary alkyl halides?

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Answer #1

The reaction of alkyl halide with silver nitrate is a SN1 reaction. When silver nitrate reacts with alkyl halide, a white precipitate of silver halide is formed. For this first halide ion shoulde be leave from alkyl halide through breaking carbon-halide bond. This results a carbocation.

When silver nitrate forms a precipitate with tertiary alkyl halide, the resulting carbocation is more stable. So the reaction is fovored.

If this is in the case of primary and secondary alkyl halide, a unstable carbocation are result. Therefore, no reaction occurs with silver nitrate.

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What are strengths and limitations of the AgNO3 test for tertiary alkyl halides?
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