Question

At 1 atm and 298 K, pentane is a liquid whereas propane is a gas. Explain.

b. At 1 atm and 298 K, methanol is a liquid whereas propane is a gas. Explain.

c. Indicate the hybridization of the carbon atom in each of the following:

i. Methanol

ii. Methanoic (formic) acid

d. Draw the complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of propanoic acid,
HC3H5O2
.

e. Explain the following observations about the two carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2. You may draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram (or diagrams) of the methanoate ion as part of your explanations.

i. The two carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2 have the same length.

ii. The length of the carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2 is intermediate between the length of the carbon-oxygen bond in methanol and the length of the carbon-oxygen bond in methanal.

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer. (a) at larm 298k Pentane is a liquid when Propane is a gas. Pentane celi2 n-c-(-(-c-c-n. u unun Propane collo 4 Wų I nc-c-c-u и и и The Molecular Size of Propancin small as compare to Pentene therfor the Molealer attracter force is less in propane. The fes Propam is gas at latu and 2986. Propane is gas But Methaner is liquid. 2 in Propane only insertide er force of attrachan is But case in of Methand Hydrogen bonding H-Bonding is strayer interridewa attracts then intercureuiler forec of attrachu. Strayer the force, the Higuer the boilling point thats why Methanch is liquid while Propane is gas. CH-8-4 - & cuz Sth (C) Hybride zane of carbon aton. Spa Sp3 (d) lewis dot structure of Propanoic acid Carisol 4 4:0 nič :cc:ött и и

e. Explain the following observations about the two carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2-, You may draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram (or diagrams) of the methanoate ion as part of your explanations.

i. The two carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2-, have the same length.

There are 2 resonance structures, one for each oxygen having a single bond and the other a double bond. The average would be a 1.5 bond

.ii. The length of the carbon-oxygen bonds in the methanoate (formate) anion, HCO2-, is intermediate between the length of the carbon-oxygen bond in methanol and the length of the carbon-oxygen bond in methanol.

Since the average of the resonance structures is a 1.5 bond, the bond length of methanoate would be halfway between the single bond of methanol and the double bond of methanol.

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