Question

how do I get the molar ratios between NaBr, 1-butanol and H2SO4 used in the experiment sn2 reaction 1-bromobutane
Moles:
NaBr: 0.0275
Butanol: 0.0216
H2SO4: 0.00840

Experiment: 08 The S2 Reaction: 1-Bromobutane Substitution nucleophilic bimolecular (SN2) reactions can be utilized to convert primary alcohols to corresponding halogens. In this experiment, 1-butanol is treated with a nucleophile (Br) to generate the corresponding 1-bromobutane. The nucleophile in this lab is generated from an aqueous solution of NaBr. Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst to protonate the hydroxyl group in the primary alcohol to a better leaving water molecule. NaBr + H2SO4 - HBr + NaHSO4 The reaction between NaBr and H2SO4 will generate HBr in situ. H -H2O AOH OH BA Experimental procedure Into a 100 ml round bottom flask, add 2.66 g of NaBr (solid, corrosive!), 3 mL of water, 1.60 g of I-butanol (d = 0.81 g/ml) and couple of boiling chips, and cool the mixture in an ice water bath. In a separate Erlenmeyer flask cool 2.2 mL of conc. H2SO4. Carefully, with continuous stirring, add the concentrated H2SO4 drop wise to the round bottom flask (conc. H2SO4 is corrosive and will cause severe burns). After allowing the mixture to come to room temperature, reflux the reaction mixture for 45-50 minutes. With time, you will notice the formation of the product as a separate layer on top of the aqueous layer. After the refluxing period, distill (simple distillation) the product from the mixture. Continue the distillation until the temperature reaches 110 C or until no more water-insoluble droplets are seen to collect in the collection flask (no more organic layer in the distillation flask). Transfer the distillate in the collection flask to a centrifuge tube and wash the distillate with 1 mL of water (d = 1 g/mL). Allow the two layers to separate. Remove the aqueous layer and wash the organic layer with 1 mL of conc. H2SO4 Remove the H2SO4 layer (d 1.8 g/mL) and wash the organic layer with 1 mL of 3 M NaOH (d = 1.11 g/mL). The organic layer will appear as a milky solution. Considering the densities given above, remove the NaOH layer.

butanol is the limiting reagent

Answer 1

Answer) The table drawn below explains the molar ratio calculation:

Answer) the following reaction (S.2) takes place: → CH₂ chethH oH & Na Br + H₂SO4 → CH CH chcH₂ Br + NaHoa + H₂O

os molis. steps to calmlate molar Ratio - i sivide moles of each species by species with I least Number of mo 11) corvert the ratio to the nearest whole Number.

Moles Ratio of Molus whole No. species Naber 0.0275 0.0 2750.00 840 3.27 (3.2.7 x4) 13 - 0.02160.00 840 I (2.57x4) 0.0216 Butarol = 2.57 0.00840 0.00 8400.00 840 HS04 = 1.00 So, molar Naber : 13 : Ratio is : Butanol : H Sot 10 : 4 -